Freedman SN, Shahi SK, Mangalam AK. The "gut feeling": Breaking down the role of gut microbiome in multiple sclerosis. Neurotherapeutics. 2018;15(1):109-25. [
Link] [
DOI:10.1007/s13311-017-0588-x]
Yen EF. The different drummer: Non-traditional therapeutic approaches. In: Cohen RD, editor. Inflammatory bowel disease. Cham: Humana Press; 2017. pp. 205-16. [
Link] [
DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-53763-4_12]
Løken-Amsrud KI, Holmøy T, Bakke SJ, Beiske AG, Bjerve KS, Bjørnarå BT, et al. Vitamin D and disease activity in multiple sclerosis before and during interferon-β treatment. Neurology. 2012;79(3):267-73. [
Link] [
DOI:10.1212/WNL.0b013e31825fdf01]
McDermott AJ, Huffnagle GB. The microbiome and regulation of mucosal immunity. Immunology. 2014;142(1):24-31. [
Link] [
DOI:10.1111/imm.12231]
Scher JU, Sczesnak A, Longman RS, Segata N, Ubeda C, Bielski C, et al. Expansion of intestinal Prevotella copri correlates with enhanced susceptibility to arthritis. Elife. 2013;2:e01202. [
Link] [
DOI:10.7554/eLife.01202]
Miyake S, Kim S, Suda W, Oshima K, Nakamura M, Matsuoka T, et al. Dysbiosis in the gut microbiota of patients with multiple sclerosis, with a striking depletion of species belonging to clostridia XIVa and IV clusters. PLoS One. 2015;10(9):e0137429. [
Link] [
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0137429]
Fernández-Paredes L, De Diego RP, De Andrés C, Sánchez-Ramón S. Close encounters of the first kind: Innate sensors and multiple sclerosis. Mol Neurobiol. 2017;54(1):101-14. [
Link] [
DOI:10.1007/s12035-015-9665-5]
Charbonneau MR, Blanton LV, DiGiulio DB, Relman DA, Lebrilla CB, Mills DA, et al. A microbial perspective of human developmental biology. Nature. 2016;535(7610):48-55. [
Link] [
DOI:10.1038/nature18845]
Chen J, Chia N, Kalari KR, Yao JZ, Novotna M, Soldan MM, et al. Multiple sclerosis patients have a distinct gut microbiota compared to healthy controls. Sci Rep. 2016;6:28484. [
Link] [
DOI:10.1038/srep28484]
Honda K, Littman DR. The microbiota in adaptive immune homeostasis and disease. Nature. 2016;535(7610):75-84. [
Link] [
DOI:10.1038/nature18848]
Hsiao EY, McBride SW, Hsien S, Sharon G, Hyde ER, McCue T, et al. Microbiota modulate behavioral and physiological abnormalities associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. Cell. 2013;155(7):1451-63. [
Link] [
DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2013.11.024]
Jangi S, Gandhi R, Cox LM, Li N, Von Glehn F, Yan R, et al. Alterations of the human gut microbiome in multiple sclerosis. Nat Commun. 2016;7:12015. [
Link] [
DOI:10.1038/ncomms12015]
Lavasani Sh, Dzhambazov B, Nouri M, Fåk F, Buske S, Molin G, et al. A novel probiotic mixture exerts a therapeutic effect on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mediated by IL-10 producing regulatory T cells. PLoS One. 2010;5(2):e9009. [
Link] [
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0009009]
Wekerle H, Lassmann H. The immunology of inflammatory demyelinating disease. In: Compston A, McDonald I, Noseworthy J, Lassmann H, Miller D, Smith K, et al., editors. McAlpine's multiple sclerosis. 4th Edition. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 2006. [
Link] [
DOI:10.1016/B978-0-443-07271-0.50013-6]
Luckey D, Bastakoty D, Mangalam AK. Role of HLA class II genes in susceptibility and resistance to multiple sclerosis: Studies using HLA transgenic mice. J Autoimmun. 2011;37(2):122-8. [
Link] [
DOI:10.1016/j.jaut.2011.05.001]
Mangalam AK, Khare M, Krco C, Rodriguez M, David C. Identification of T cell epitopes on human proteolipid protein and induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in HLA class II‐transgenic mice. Eur J Immunol. 2004;34(1):280-90. [
Link] [
DOI:10.1002/eji.200324597]
Mangalam AK, Rajagopalan G, Taneja V, David CS. HLA class II transgenic mice mimic human inflammatory diseases. Adv Immunol. 2008;97:65-147. [
Link] [
DOI:10.1016/S0065-2776(08)00002-3]
Mangalam A, Luckey D, Basal E, Jackson M, Smart M, Rodriguez M, et al. HLA-DQ8 (DQB1* 0302)-restricted Th17 cells exacerbate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in HLA-DR3-transgenic mice. J Immunol. 2009;182(8):5131-9. [
Link] [
DOI:10.4049/jimmunol.0803918]
Mangalam AK, Luckey D, Giri Sh, Smart M, Pease LR, Rodriguez M, et al. Two discreet subsets of CD8 T cells modulate PLP91-110 induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in HLA-DR3 transgenic mice. J Autoimmun. 2012;38(4):344-53. [
Link] [
DOI:10.1016/j.jaut.2012.02.004]
Sender R, Fuchs Sh, Milo R. Are we really vastly outnumbered? Revisiting the ratio of bacterial to host cells in humans. Cell. 2016;164(3):337-40. [
Link] [
DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2016.01.013]
Surana NK, Kasper DL. The yin yang of bacterial polysaccharides: Lessons learned from B. fragilis PSA. Immunol Rev. 2012;245(1):13-26. [
Link] [
DOI:10.1111/j.1600-065X.2011.01075.x]
Wu GD, Chen J, Hoffmann Ch, Bittinger K, Chen YY, Keilbaugh SA, et al. Linking long-term dietary patterns with gut microbial enterotypes. Science. 2011;334(6052):105-8. [
Link] [
DOI:10.1126/science.1208344]
Zhang J, Kobert K, Flouri T, Stamatakis A. PEAR: A fast and accurate Illumina Paired-End reAd mergeR. Bioinformatics. 2014;30(5):614-20. [
Link] [
DOI:10.1093/bioinformatics/btt593]
Marietta EV, Murray JA, Luckey DH, Jeraldo PR, Lamba A, Patel R, et al. Human gut-derived Prevotella histicola suppresses inflammatory arthritis in humanized mice. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2016;68(12):2878-88. [
Link] [
DOI:10.1002/art.39785]
Miyake S, Kim S, Suda W, Oshima K, Nakamura M, Matsuoka T, et al. Dysbiosis in the gut microbiota of patients with multiple sclerosis, with a striking depletion of species belonging to clostridia XIVa and IV clusters. PLoS One. 2015;10(9):e0137429. [
Link] [
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0137429]
Ochoa-Reparaz J, Mielcarz DW, Wang Y, Begum-Haque S, Dasgupta S, Kasper DL, et al. A polysaccharide from the human commensal Bacteroides fragilis protects against CNS demyelinating disease. Mucosal Immunol. 2010;3(5):487-95. [
Link] [
DOI:10.1038/mi.2010.29]
Okada H, Kuhn C, Feillet H, Bach JF. The 'hygiene hypothesis' for autoimmune and allergic diseases: An update. Clin Exp Immunol. 2010;160(1):1-9. [
Link] [
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2010.04139.x]
Rakoff-Nahoum S, Paglino J, Eslami-Varzaneh F, Edberg S, Medzhitov R. Recognition of commensal microflora by toll-like receptors is required for intestinal homeostasis. Cell. 2004;118(2):229-41. [
Link] [
DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2004.07.002]
Rook GA. Hygiene hypothesis and autoimmune diseases. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2012;42(1):5-15. [
Link] [
DOI:10.1007/s12016-011-8285-8]
Round JL, Mazmanian SK. Inducible Foxp3+ regulatory T-cell development by a commensal bacterium of the intestinal microbiota. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010;107(27):12204-9. [
Link] [
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0909122107]
