بررسی تنوع باکتریایی معدن طلای آق‌‌دره و تعیین مقاومت آنها در برابر آرسنیک و نقره

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان

گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه پیام نور، صندوق پستی: 4697-19395، تهران، ایران.

چکیده
میکروارگانیزم‌‌ها نقش مهمی در تشکیل معادن دارند. در این پژوهش باکتری‌‌‌‌های موجود در ذخایر طلای آق‌‌دره تکاپ جداسازی و با خاک­های کشاورزی، مقایسه شدند. شناسایی جدایه­ها با استفاده از آنالیز قطعه S rDNA16 انجام و جستجوهای همولوژی با استفاده از ابزارهای تحت وبِ BlastN، EzTaxon و RDP Classifier انجام گرفت. همچنین مقاومت جدایه‌‌ها در برابر آرسنیک و نقره در حضور و عدم حضور ppm 3.5 طلا بررسی شد. هرچندکه خاک شاهد تنوع باکتریایی زیادی را نشان داد (43 جدایه متعلق به 13 جنس)، اما از خاک­های معدن، تنها 17 جدایه باکتریایی که به 11 جنس تعلق داشتند؛ جداسازی شد که شامل Acinetobacter ، Agrobacterium، Comamonas، Deinococcus، Listeria، Microbacterium، Micrococcus ، Pseudomonas، Rhizobium، Roseomonas و Staphylococcus بودند. باکتری‌‌های A. radiobacter، D. ficus، M. antarcticus، M. luteus،R. radiobacter و R. selenitidurans قادر به تحمل مقادیر مختلفی از آرسنیک و نقره در حضور طلا بودند و در این میان باکتری‌‌های A. radiobacter و D. ficus بیشترین مقاومت را نشان دادند به طوریکه در حضور ppm50 آرسنیک، ppm 50 نقره و ppm 3.5 طلا قادر به رشد بودند. نتایج ما نشان داد تعداد و تنوع باکتری‌‌ها در خاک­های حاوی فلزات طلا، نقره و آرسنیک؛ کمتر از خاک­ کشاورزی بود. همچنین مشخص شد تنوع باکتری‌‌های موجود در معادن طلا، به میزان طلا و نیز میزان و نوع عناصر همراه با آن نیز بستگی داشت. دو گونه­ی باکتریایی بومی A. radiobacter و D. ficus نیز بدلیل مقاومت بسیار بالا به آرسنیک و نقره، از پتانسیل مناسبی برای استفاده صنعتی در محیط­های آلوده به این فلزات برخوردارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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