Volume 13, Issue 4 (2023)
JMBS 2023, 13(4): 0-0 |
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Rahbarizadeh F. Toxicity and immunization; two fundamental challenges of developing immunotoxins. JMBS 2023; 13 (4)
URL: http://biot.modares.ac.ir/article-22-60630-en.html
URL: http://biot.modares.ac.ir/article-22-60630-en.html
Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran , rahbarif@modares.ac.ir
Abstract: (1109 Views)
Immunotoxins are an attractive way to treat cancer; in this method, high-cytotoxic protein toxins target cancer cells specifically. An immunotoxin consists of a targeting component (an antibody, cytokine, or other protein that binds to the cell), that is chemically conjugated or fused in DNA level to a cytotoxic cargo (a bacterium, plant or cytotoxic human protein). Immunotoxin, with the help of specific receptors, recognizes the target cell and enters the cell by endocytosis. After entering the cytocell, it kills the target cancer cell with the help of a toxic component. Although various immunotoxins with different structures have been studied and tested in recent decades, only three immunotoxins Denileukin Diftitox, Tagraxofusp and Moxestumomab Pasudotox - have been clinically approved for the treatment of leukemia. In this article, we review important research and two challenges in production and development of immunotoxins that have limited their clinical success. Further, we highlight methods to overcome these obstacles. These challenges include target and non-target cell toxicity and immunization.
Keywords: immunotoxins, immunocongucate, toxins, cytotoxic proteins, non-target toxicity, immunization
Article Type: Systematic Review |
Subject:
Molecular biotechnology
Received: 2022/04/6 | Accepted: 2022/08/27 | Published: 2023/11/19
Received: 2022/04/6 | Accepted: 2022/08/27 | Published: 2023/11/19
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