Showing 5 results for Aghaali
Z. Aghaali, R. Darvishzadeh, M. Aghaei,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (Winter 2018)
Abstract
Aims: The aim of the present study was to map the morphological traits in Iranian Basil accessions (Oscillum Oscillos) by Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSRs) markers.
Materials & Methods: In this experimental study, 50 Iranian basil accessions from different geographical regions were used and the experiment was based on a completely randomized design. Extracting DNA and PCR was performed with 12 ISSR primers for Basil accessions. Components of variance, general heritability, and genetic and phenotypic variation coefficients were calculated by formula. Bayesian method, linear mixed model as well as Minitab 17, DARwin 5, Structure 2.3.3, Tassel 3, and SPSS 20 software were used. Findings: There was a positive correlation between the majority of traits for basil accessions. The highest coefficient of genetic variation was observed in stem diameter and internode length and the lowest was observed in flower number. Heritability varied between 3.63% and 94.24%. Foutrteen loci with 7 traits were recognized. The range of phenotypic changes varied from 3% to 29%. The highest number of locus was obtained for stem diameter traits and the lowest was obtained for lateral branch number. Six loci were specifically associated with only one trait and other loci were common in traits. The phenotypic variation varied between 17% and 29%.
Conclusion: Traits have a wide variety in Basil accessions and there is a positive correlation between the majority of them. The heritability of the traits varies from 3.63% to 94.24% and the range of the phenotypic changes varies from 3% to 29%. The highest number is for stem diameter traits and lowest is for lateral branch number. Six loci are specifically associated with only one trait and other loci are common in traits. The phenotypic variation varies between 29% ‐17%.
Volume 11, Issue 1 (1-2022)
Abstract
The current study assessed the effects of common herbicides produced by different companies on broadleaved and grass weed control and quantitative traits of irrigated wheat. A two-year experiment (2013-2014 and 2014-2015) was designed as an RCBD with three replications. Experimental treatments included two control treatments (weedy and weed-free) and 15 herbicides produced by three Iranian companies (Ghazal, Golsam-Gorgan, and Gyah) and three international companies (BASF, Nufarm, and Syngenta). The results showed that H13 (bromoxynil + MCPA from BASF tank-mixed with clodinafop propargyl from Golsam Gorgan) and H14 (bromoxynil + MCPA from BASF tank mixed with clodinafop propargyl from Ghazal) treatments in 2014 and H5 (tribenuron methyl from Gyah) and H9 (clodinafop propargyl tank-mixed with tribenuron methyl from Golsam Gorgan) in 2015 almost completely controlled broadleaved and grass weeds. In 2014, H4 (2,4-D + MCPA from Nufarm) and H13 treatments with the averages of 7505 and 7338 kg ha-1 ranked first and second in grain yield, while H9 and H12 (bromoxynil + MCPA from BASF tank-mixed with clodinafop propargyl from Gyah) with the averages of 7966 and 7917 kg ha-1 were known as superior treatments in 2015. Averaged by years, the grain yield was 3185 kg ha-1 at weedy treatment (H17). Although there were no significant differences between herbicides, the grain yield (averaged by years and herbicides) was boosted by 88% compared with the weedy treatment. It was concluded that more rainfall and desirable air temperature positively affected the efficacy of the herbicides.
Volume 14, Issue 5 (9-2012)
Abstract
Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is an important industrial crop and its seeds contain significant amounts of oil. The extraction of oil components using solvent at high pressure, or supercritical fluid (SCF), has received much attention. In the present study, statistical analyses showed that the average extraction yield of seed oil of five tobacco varieties using SFE was 9.33%, which was higher than Sonication (7.75%) and DGF (Deutsche Gesellschaft f_r Fettwissenschaft) standard method B-I5(87) (8.48%), but lower than Soxhlet (13.72%). Also, fatty acids profile of each extracted oil was determined by gas chromatography. Various saturated and unsaturated fatty acids such as lauric (C12:0), myristic (C14:0), palmitic (C16:0), palmitoleic (C16:1), stearic (C18:0), oleic (C18:1), linoleic (C18:2), linolenic (C18:3) and eicosanoic (C20:0) acids were observed in the extracted oils.
Volume 16, Issue 5 (9-2014)
Abstract
The date palm fruit stalk borer is one of the most important pests of date palm in the world. Biochemical properties of digestive proteases in Oryctes elegans Prell larvae were investigated in this research and optimal total proteolytic and trypsin activities were obtained at pH 9.0 and 11.0, respectively. Activity staining of protease on SDS-PAGE showed one isoform. Also, zymogram pattern of trypsin using nitro-cellulose membrane revealed two isoforms. The inhibitory effect of PMSF, TLCK, TPCK, EDTA, iodoacetate and iodoacetamide were determined on O. elegans proteolytic activity. The iodoacetamide showed the highest inhibition on total proteolytic activity. Therefore, cysteine protease accounted for the major proteases in the gut of O. elegans. Total proteolytic activity was inhibited 22.3 and 12.15% by inhibitors extracted from Vicia faba and Lathyrus sativus, respectively. However, the inhibitors extracted from seeds of Prosopis farcta, Panecum miliaceum, and Alhagi maurorum showed negligible inhibitory effects on proteolytic activities. Trypsin activity was inhibited 91.5 and 82.3% by inhibitors extracted from V. faba and L. sativus, respectively. Electrophoretic analysis showed that inhibitors extracted from V. faba reduced the intensity of total proteolytic and trypsin activities. The inhibitor from V. faba was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation and gel-filtration, also the molecular mass of inhibitor was determined 35 kDa. This purified inhibitor was able to inhibit trypsin activity by 72.7%. In addition, the highest inhibition of trypsin activity by inhibitor from V. faba occurred at pH 11.0. Also, the stability of inhibitor from V. faba was evaluated at different pHs and temperatures. This inhibitor was stable at pH 11.0 and 30 °C.
Volume 22, Issue 2 (3-2020)
Abstract
Drought stress is one of the environmental factors influencing crops growth, development, and production. Two field experiments were performed in Karaj, Iran, to evaluate the drought tolerance indices of 17 winter rapeseed genotypes in 2015-2016 and 2016-2017 growing seasons. The factorial arrangement of treatments was set up as RCBD with three replications. To identify drought tolerant genotypes, several indices were used based on grain yield under normal and deficit irrigation conditions. Yield results showed that cultivars Artist (504.325 g m-2) and L72 (391.525 g m-2) were the superior treatments under normal and deficit irrigation conditions, respectively. According to correlation results, 3-D graphs were drawn based on Geometric Mean Productivity (GMP) and grain yield under normal irrigation and deficit irrigation to categorize the winter rapeseed genotypes in both years. In the first year, Zorica and Lauren were in group A, while in the second year; Mercure, SW102, L72, and HL3721 were in group A. Therefore, they had superior performance and stable grain yield under both irrigation conditions. Biplot diagram showed Lauren (first year) and Mercure (second year) were superior regardless of stress conditions. Altogether, under normal irrigation, Artist genotype, and under stress condition, Mercure, L72 and HL3721 genotypes could be used for cultivation.
