Showing 9 results for Arefian
H. Samimi, V. Haghpanah, Sh. Irani, P. Fallah, E. Arefian, M. Soleimani,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (Summer 2019)
Abstract
Aims: Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture systems are important because simulating the physiological microenvironment and representing more similarity to “in vivo” conditions for anticancer drug screening. Taking the advantages of 3D cell culture in the cancer therapy field, we have developed the 3D in vitro anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) model for determining the cytotoxic dose of "BI-847325" chemotherapy agent in ATC cell lines with different genetic background.
Materials and Methods: C643 and SW1736 ATC cell lines were grown in alginate scaffold. Beads were incubated in medium for one week. Cells were treated with different doses (1-64μM) of BI-847325 for 24h. The cytotoxic effect of BI-847325 on 3D cultured cell lines was studied by MTT [3-(4, 5-dimethyl thiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay. The survival rate of alginate-encapsulated cells was analyzed by CFSE (5, 6-Carboxyfluorescein N-hydroxysuccinimidyl ester) staining in effective doses for each of the cell lines.
Findings: Cytotoxic effect of BI-847325 anticancer drug was different for two ATC cell lines. Effective doses of BI-847325 for C643 and SW1736 cell lines were at 25μM and 43μM, respectively. CFSE staining analysis confirmed these data.
Conclusion: Overall, the results of the present study showed that the cytotoxic effect of BI-847325 chemotherapy agent was different for two ATC cell lines. The importance of this subject in regard to the 3D cell culture methods can be useful for researchers in the design of the complementary experience in order to achieve the most appropriate chemotherapy drug with the most effective dose.
Volume 12, Issue 3 (12-2012)
Abstract
This paper presents a gain scheduled autopilot for pitch channel of a flying vehicle. The selected method is based on polynomial fuzzy systems. The method does not involve linearization about operating point. First the polynomial fuzzy model of pitch channel of the flight body is derived. Next, using polynomial fuzzy system methodology the controller is design such that the outputs of the nonlinear plant drive to follow those of a stable reference model. Because of avoiding actuator saturation, some constraints derived that guarantees the amplitude of control signals be less than a specific threshold. It is considered that the controller has a known structure like three-loop autopilot. In other words the three-loop fuzzy polynomial autopilot is design to satisfy stability and performance of the closed loop system over a wide range of parameter variation. Stability and performance conditions derived in terms of sum of square will solve numerically via SOSTOOLS.
Volume 14, Issue 4 (3-2012)
Abstract
Objective: Infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 induces viral latency in neuron trigeminal ganglions. The late associated transcript (LAT) is uniquely expressed in infected neural cells, however no coding protein associated with these transcripts has been identified in infected cells. It has been shown that six microRNAs transcribed from LAT have the capabilities to affect the cell signaling pathways, thus interfering in pathways such as those of cell differentiation and proliferation. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) pathway is a critical pathway among cell signaling circuits. The Smad4 protein, as an important member of the TGF-β signaling pathway, mediates the connection between membrane receptors, cytoplasmic kinases, and nuclear transcription factors.
Methods: This study bioinformatically and experimentally evaluated LAT microRNA expression and assessed microRNA targeting of Smad4 transcripts in human neuroblastoma cells by using real-time PCR.
Results: Analysis of two different softwares results showed that the Smad4 gene was targeted by LAT-derived microRNAs at multiple sites. Over-expression of LAT microRNAs in BE2(c) cells caused reduction in Smad4 transcripts.
Conclusion: The results of bioinformatical analysis with relative quantification of Smad4 transcripts and its downstream-related genes such as cyclinD, CDK2, and Myc showed that the LAT transcript could control Smad4 expression.
Volume 16, Issue 1 (3-2016)
Abstract
In this paper, tracking control synthesis problem for nonlinear polynomial discrete-time systems are studied. Proposed controller drives the plant such that the state vector of the plant follows those of a stable reference model. The objective is to design a controller such that the energy gains from the exogenous signals that are the reference signal and the state vector of the reference model, to the tracking error to be less or equal to prescribe thresholds. The main difficulty in the problem of designing tracking nonlinear discrete-time control law for the polynomial discrete time systems is that in general this problem may not be formulated as a convex problem. With proper selection of Lyapunov function and based on Lyapunov theory and by using sum of square approach, sufficient conditions for existence of controller are presented in terms of a feasibility SOS programming problem that can be solved using numerical solvers such as SOSTOOLS. Finally, the performance of proposed approach will be shown using the simulation of several examples.
Volume 17, Issue 4 (1-2015)
Abstract
Objective: Prostate cancer is the fifth most common cancer. In 2012, it was the second leading cause of cancer death for men worldwide. The PI3K/AKT pathway plays an essential role in pathogenesis of prostate cancer; the key role of this pathway in cancer progression makes it an attractive target for prostate cancer therapy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) that regulate gene expression have a special ability to simultaneously control multiple genes and pathways which make them candidates for therapeutics. This study aims to determine miRNAs which target the PI3K/AKT pathway and evaluate them in prostate cancer cell lines.
Methods: In order to determine an effective miRNA for the PI3K/AKT pathway, we assessed six genes from this pathway which have been proposed as drug targets in ten different prediction algorithms. Next, the candidate miRNAs were analyzed in expression profile and pathway analysis databases. Expression of candidate miRNAs in control and prostate cancer cell lines were subsequently evaluated.
Results: According to bioinformatics, the miR-29 family could target the most genes from this list. Other bioinformatic estimates confirmed these results. The miR-29 family showed significant downregulation in prostate cancer cell lines LNCAP, PC3 and DU-145 compared to control samples.
Conclusion: These results propose the possibility of using the miR-29 family to inhibit the PI3K/AKT pathway in prostate cancer.
Volume 19, Issue 2 (9-2016)
Abstract
Introduction: Squamous cell carcinoma comprises approximately 94% of all oral cavities. One reasons for this cancer is Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) with different genotypes .Finding the most common genotypes will be helpful to control and prevent of spreading this cancer.
Materials and Method: 70 Paraffinated blocks were collected from cancer department of Imam Khomeini hospital in Tehran. All of these samples included histopathological report of dysplastic lesions .They weredeparaffinated.4 primers were designed for PCR .Then they were transferred to electrophoresis tank. Positive samples were sequenced by Mega 5.
Results: 8 HPV+ samples include of 3 HPV+6 and HPV+16 were found . HPV6 is the cause of genital warts that can spread by skin contact or oral- sexual behavior. 3 positive samples were found in women and the others were in men. (2% more in men) . People between 30 to45 are more sensitive for HPV than the other group. People up to 60 years old are sensitive too. All the samples were collected from different cities of Iran but most of the positive samples were found in Tehran and Islam Shahr.
Conclusion: These data confirm that HPV infection with high risk types (6, 16) could be one of the risk factors for oral cancer and it can spread by genital warts.
Volume 20, Issue 4 (12-2018)
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a common cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide. The combination of ribavirin and peg-interferon, as standard treatment for HCV infection, seems very promising. Many studies have revealed that despite following standard HCV treatment, a high proportion of HCV genotypes 1 and 4 poorly attain (42% to 46%) the SVR condition, whereas it is somehow easier for HCV genotypes 2 and 3 (76%-82%). Overall, genotypes 1 and 4 antiviral therapies must be continued up to one year to achieve SVR, whereas in individuals infected with genotypes 2 and 3 must continue therapy for six months. Since 2011, direct-acting antiviral agents (DAA) have been introduced that target the HCV-encoded proteins which are vital for replication of the virus. The first generation of DAA, telaprevir, in combination with peg-interferon and ribavirin, more efficiently inhibits replication of genotype 1. Although the level of DAA SVR rate is high, the new treatment has some undesirable adverse effects. Micro-RNAs (miRNAs), as the new HCV drug approach, open a new insight into the treatment of non-responder HCV patients. Altered expression of miRNAs is involved in the aspects of HCV infection and HCC. In the current review, we attempt to better understand the HCV life cycle, liver miRNAs, and their role in this viral infection.
Volume 22, Issue 1 (Winter 2018)
Abstract
Aims: Glioblastoma multiforme is a type of brain cancers that do not respond well to treatment. The poor prognosis of this disease is due to the presence of radiation resistance and chemotherapy. The purpose of the present study was to produce miR-579 precursor carriers and investigate the effect of increased expression of miR-579 on the expression of BAX and CDKN1A genes in the glioblastoma cell line.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, in order to produce recombinant lentiviral vectors, a gene containing the miR-579 precursor sequence was cloned into the plasmid. The recombinant structure was transmitted to the cells of HEK293T with and pMD2 plasmids. Viral particles were concentrated using Ultra Centrifuge. Viral titration was calculated by flow cytometry. The viral particles produced were transferred to the A-172 cell line. Finally, by using Real-Time PCR, changes in expression levels of miR-579 and BAX and CDKN1A genes were investigated.
Findings: The presence of miR-579 gene precursor in the plasmid was confirmed by colony PCR and sequencing methods. The study showed that the level of miR-579 expression in infected cells with the recombinant virus was found to be up-regulated compared to the control group. miR-579 increased the BAX gene expression by three times. But, there was no significant change in the expression of CDKN1A gene expression.
Conclusion: Increased expression of miR-579 in the A-172 cell line could increase the expression of BAX gene. However, the CDKN1A gene expression does not change significantly.
Volume 23, Issue 2 (Spring 2020)
Abstract
Aims: The development of new antiviral agents is an appropriate approach to eradicate hepatitis C infection. Due to the lack of suitable animal models, there is always a barrier to the proper evaluation of antiviral compounds in vivo. The growing attention to microRNAs is a new strength in antiviral therapy. The aim of the present study was to use luciferase assay to confirm the specific interaction between miRNA and genomic RNA of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1b to suppress the replication of the virus.
Materials & Methods: The NS5B genomic fragments of the HCV genome were sub-cloned into the psiCHECK-2-TM vector as MRE. The relative expression of lentivirus vectors expressing miRNAs in Huh7.5 cells was assessed through fluorescence microscopy and real-time PCR. The lentivirus expressing let-7b was transduced to Huh7.5 cells. The NS5B-psiCHECK-2-TM (MRE) was transfected to the Huh7.5 cell. The relative expression of luciferase was measured using a luciferase dual assay kit.
Findings: With the use of lentiviruses expressing let-7b, high and permanent expression of let-7b was created in the target cell. On the other hand, the specific attachment of the responsive sequence (NS5B) to the microRNA of let-7b was shown by decreasing luciferase light.
Conclusion: Lentiviral vectors are used to maintain high and stable expression of microRNAs in cells. The use of luciferase assay is one of the most appropriate methods to confirm the interaction between miRNA-mRNA that can be used for other viral genes with different microRNAs.
