Showing 9 results for Kahrizi
Volume 1, Issue 3 (9-2016)
Abstract
Background: The comparison between voluntary and automatic contraction of deep abdominal muscles in patients with Nonspecific Low Back Pain (nLBP) may the best treat for them. The aim of this case-controlled study was to compare changes in the thickness of the Transverses Abdomin is (TrA) and Internal Oblique (IO) muscles during the Abdominal Drawing-In Maneuver (ADIM) and the Active Straight-Leg Raise (ASLR) test. Methods: This study involved 30 women including 20 women with and 10 women without non-specific low back pain. The abdominal muscle thickness in the supine crook-lying, ASLR, and ADIM exercises were measured. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA was used to compare the thickness ratio results between the two groups. Results: There were significant differences between the TrA (p < 0.05) and IO (p < 0.05) muscle thickness ratios during the ADIM compared to the ASLR in the neutral lumbar posture in supine lying in the healthy group; However, in the subjects with nLBP, only the TrA (p < 0.005) muscle thickness ratio was significantly higher in the ADIM rather than in the ASLR. Conclusion: These findings suggest that in both groups the deep abdominal muscles (the TrA and the IO) responded differently according to the variable type of activities such as voluntary or automatic, therefore, in training programs, in addition to a voluntary workout, automatic type of exercises should also be taught.
Volume 3, Issue 2 (Spring 2018)
Abstract
Aims: The sitting posture and its related problems are of high importance. The current research was conducted with the aim of design and evaluation of a measurement tool for sitting situation, using validity and reliability.
Instruments and Methods: In this semi-experimental (field trial) study, a number of questions about knowledge, attitude, and behavior were designed and content validity and face validity were utilized to assess the validity. Then, questionnaire was given to 10 specialists in health education, physiotherapists, and ergonomists. Moreover, Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Content Validity Index (CVI) were calculated to determine content validity, and for reliability assessment, two criteria were used, including internal consistency through Cronbach's alpha and test-retest through Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and Pearson correlation coefficient. Consequently, 30 students were enrolled in the study. The data were analyzed by SPSS 22 software.
Findings: Firstly, of all 29 questions in terms of knowledge, attitude, and behavior, 23 items remained with CVR higher than 0.6 and CVI tables were higher than 0.7. From 23 items referring to the 3 mentioned spectra, 12 questions were in the field of knowledge, 6 questions were in the field of attitude, and 5 questions were in the field of behavior. Then, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.87, the ICC was 0.983, and Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.966 (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The designed questionnaire can appropriately examine sitting situation in terms of the knowledge, attitude, and behavior; therefore, it is an excellent tool for measuring these characteristics owing to satisfactory validity and reliability.
Volume 4, Issue 1 (Winter 2019)
Abstract
Aims: One of unhealthy behaviours that can be leading to musculoskeletal pain and discomfort in students is keeping inappropriate posture of the vertebra column, posture of sitting on bench or behind computer, and also improper carrying of backpacks. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the status of musculoskeletal pains and disorders of female students in the schools of izeh ,Ahvaze , Iran.
Method and Instruments : In this descriptive-analytical study, 146 female students from two schools at this city were selected through simple random sampling. In order to evaluate musculoskeletal discomforts and pains, a Nordic Musculiskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) was used and a also body map was used to determine the location of pain. Data analysis was performed, using SPSS software.
Findings: totally, 146 female students were examined. According the results, the majority of the students felt pain in their back ( 27.40%) and shoulder (26.03%) respectively. However, least rate of feeling torment was related with elbow (5.48%).
Conclusion: Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSD) are clearly seen in female students . This study recommended doing more studies regarding the causes of these disorders . Furthermore, designing appropriate clinical/ educational intervention regarding keeping right posture of vertebra column is garanteed.
Volume 4, Issue 2 (Spring 2019)
Abstract
Aim: Students spend a lot of time at the school in sitting. While sitting in the wrong position, they put pressure on the muscles, ligaments, lumbar joints, intervertebral discs and other muscles. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the impact of health education program on sitting behavior of female student of high school of Izeh , Ahvaz ,Iran.
Instrument and Method: This study is a semi- experimental (field trial) in which two secondary high schools in the Izeh, one school as the control group and one school as the intervention group, will be selected randomly. The data collection tool will include Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) and a researcher – made questionnaire to assess knowledge, attitude and behavior of participants regarding sitting principles on the bench while listening to the lesson. The training programme will be run in three one –hour sessions including an one-hour lecture and questioning / answering session that is awareness-raising session, an one-hour group discussion regarding beliefs, and one-hour session regarding watching educational movies for training behaviours on how to sit properly on the bench. Data will be collected at the beginning of the study and three months after intervention form both groups. Once these steps will be implemented, the results will be analyzed through chi-square, T-test, and paired T-test using SPSS version 21.
Volume 4, Issue 4 (Fall 2019)
Abstract
Aims: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of educational intervention on sitting posture in female student studying in high school in Izeh, Iran.
Instruments and Methods: Current study was performed in two schools in Izeh city of Iran. Ethical approval and informed consent was obtained from the participants. One hundred and forty six (N=146) participants from these schools were randomly allocated to an intervention (n = 73) or control group (n = 73). The intervention included two group-based sessions. The control group received usual educational. Data collection was conducted by Nordic questionnaire and a researcher– made questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS 16 software, using independent t-test and Chi-square test.
Findings: The mean age of participants in this study in the intervention and control groups were 16.15 ± 0.88 and 15.95 ± 0.81 years respectively. The intervention group had significant improvements compared with the control group. In intervention group significant differences were found in score of knowledge, attitude and sitting behavior before and after of intervention (P<0.05).
Conclusions: This study showed that educational intervention was effective in improving proper sitting and maintaining the status of the spine.
A. Ghaffari Azar , R. Darvishzadeh , B. Molaei, D. Kahrizi, B. Darvishi,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (Spring 2019)
Abstract
Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the most cultivated crops worldwide, owing to its versatility and wide adaptability, and serves as food, animal feed, and raw material for various industrial products. The purpose of the current research was the classification of maize inbred lines in order to produce hybrid seeds based on agro-morphological traits. Each of 100 maize inbred lines was planted in 6 pots as 6 replications and arranged in completely randomized design in an open area near to greenhouse in 2015. The result of the analysis of variance revealed significant differences among lines for all studied traits. The highest correlation was seen between cob’s length and cob’s weight. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that 66.4% of seed yield per plant variation was determined by cob’s length and cob’s weight. Cluster analysis divided inbred lines into 4 groups. The highest Mahalanobis distance (28.07) was observed between cluster 2 and 4. The result of principal component analysis confirmed the calcification by cluster analysis. The genotypes from groups 2 and 4 can be potentially used as parental lines in hybrid varieties production and development of segregating populations.
Volume 11, Issue 1 (4-2011)
Abstract
Abstract:
The influence of cement content increase on corrosion resistant behavior in concretes
containing nano-SiO2 was experimentally studied. For comparison, the chloride diffusion of
plain concrete and the concrete containing nano-SiO2 was also experimentally studied. The
test results indicated that the corrosion resistance of concretes containing nano-particles is
significantly improved. However, the index of diffusion chloride ion in the concretes
containing nano-SiO2 is directly related to cement content in the mix. The SEM oservations
revealed that the microstructure of concrete with nano-SiO2 is more uniform and compact
than that of normal concrete, but higher pore size distribution was observed when cement
content is increased, which in turn leads to the increase in the diffusion of choloride ion.
Volume 13, Issue 2 (4-2010)
Abstract
Objective: The theraputic exercise is regarded as one of the most important theraputic interventions in the chronic low back pain patients. Stabilization exercise is among the most significant practical ones in these patients. The study of the effects of these exercises on the variability of trunk muscles postural strategies and the ability in normalizing these strategies are among the uncertainties that have remained unknown up to the present time. The purpose of this research is the study of the effect of stabilization exercises on the variability of postural control strategies in these patients.
Materials and Methods: The study was performed on 21 (14 males, 7 females) recurrent non-specific low back pain patients. The electromyographic activity of Deltoid, Transverse Abdominis/Internal Oblique, External Oblique and Erector Spinae muscles of each person was recorded in 75 rapid arm flexion with maximum acceleration. Then, 14 individuals were placed in the experimental group and 7 in the control group randomly.The experimental group performed isolated abdominal hollowing and bracing exercises using pressure biofeedback with the supervision of a physiotherapist in different positions including supine, sitting on a chair, standing still and standing with rapid arm raises with maximum acceleration once a day, for 20 sessions. The variables studied in this research were evaluated in both experimental and control groups after the training sessions. The standard deviation of the trunk muscles onset latencies relative to deltoid muscle was statistically analyzed by a dependent t-test in both groups.
Results: The results revealed that performing the stabilization exercises increases the variability of the timing of anticipatory postural adjustments in TrA/IO in the experimental group (P=.037), while there were no significant changes in the variability of EO (P=.0346) and ES (P=.673) muscles in these patients. The variability of the timing of the anticipatory postural adjustment in TrA/IO (P=.199), EO (P=.702) and ES (P=.465) muscles did not show any significant changes in the control group.
Conclusion: The study of the results showed that the reduction in the variability of postural control system in recurrent non-specific low back pain patients as a factor that causes the continuity of back pain can be improved by goal-directed stabilization exercises.
Volume 26, Issue 6 (11-2024)
Abstract
Climate change is one of the most important challenges that influence different parts of human life. An important consequence of climate change is its effects on water resources and the occurrence of drought. Since the agricultural sector is influenced by drought, the present research aimed to evaluate the livelihood resilience of farmers to drought in Kermanshah Township, Iran. The research used both primary and secondary data. First, the drought status of Kermanshah Township was evaluated with Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Percent of Normal Index (PNI) and the Drought Indices Calculator (DIC) software package for a 51-year statistical period. Based on the results, the years 1973, 1978, 1979, 1995, 1999, 2001, 2008, 2013, and 2015 were dry. It was observed that, as we approached 2020, the number of years with a negative SPI increased. Then, the dimensions of livelihood capital were studied with the focus group method in the form of three focus groups from the perspective of 19 key experts. Data in this phase were analyzed by the content analysis method. The output of this phase was the development of a questionnaire for the final phase. Finally, to check the livelihood capitals influencing the enhancement of farmers’ resilience to drought in the region, 380 farmers were selected by the multistage sampling method. The potential of the independent variables in accounting for the variance in the farmers’ livelihood resilience was checked by stepwise multivariate linear regression. Based on the results, the variables of financial capital, social capital, and human capital with beta values of, respectively, 0.378, 0.324, and 0.152 had the greatest role in capturing the variance in farmers’ resilience to drought in Kermanshah Township.
