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Problem: Structure is a term that creates meaning for the framework of formation of different shapes and is able to create targeted condition for formation and even interference for shapes.
Target: It is to be noted that this process of formation of shapes is based on defined module and this module is regarded as infrastructure for layout of shapes and is accompanied with social exchanges, activities and equilibrium; since, if a space has great amount of quality and eligibility, it is able to attract more amount of people and turned into a place for gathering social groups and collecting social groups based on different layers of social classes is effective on geometrical structure of a complex and is also regarded as basis for formation of merged geometrical principles in general structure of a shape; since, if this principle is not correctly regarded as equilibrium, the motion system of different classes are not directed toward correct path and finally leads to interference of motion layer, lack of eligibility and localization of space.
Method: Thus, it is attempted through benefiting from interpretative and historical nature to geometrically analyze this set and describe its elementary structure as intact form and then by benefiting from deductive reasoning to describe details of this set from viewpoint of general structure and due to analytical tables, it is possible to obtain better understanding from relationship of geometrical system with structure of set and in continuation of this process, through raising hypothesis (probably formalism by Klaus Herdeg).
Result: It is possible to obtain conformity of geometrical pattern originated from structure of this set and recognizing groups obtained from conformity of motor structure of layers in Naghshe Jahan square that is effective on political and economic issues of this set.

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Problem: Architecture and cinema are a collection of art and technology that are intertwined with the help of the capable hands of an architect and a filmmaker. The two can act similarly in infusing the spirit of life into space and evoking human feelings. Among these, urban spaces and architectural buildings are very important as the location of a film event and represent the temporal, cultural, historical, social and are in the movie. So that paying attention to the category of architecture in cinema in a serious and conscious way is an idea that can be considered by directors and filmmakers. This article explores this relationship in the movie Mother, made by Ali Hatami.
Target: In this research, first to interpret the architectural space and place, Kanter's views on the sense of place are considered, then the features of melodrama style in cinema and its features are discussed and then the architectural concepts and features of place in The scene design of Hatami's film "Mother" is studied in terms of activity, body and meaning. The counter recognizes three components for each location: Physical characteristics, activities & Imaginations.
Method: To understand this issue, try to use the historical-interpretive method to communicate the spatial-local dialectical process, which requires the analysis and description of the components resulting from the changes identified in this research. Finally, through deductive-inductive reasoning, it has been tried to identify the output components of the tool used in this research.
Result: For this purpose, it was tried to explain the temporal process of the sequences taken from the film Mother in relation to the spatial coexistence or the progress and delay of the moving space of the scene from a sense of feeling. Eclectic view of space? By linking human relations with place in melodrama cinema, he identified a kind of space-place dialectic that can be affirmed and achieved in key words: spatial diachronic and synchronic.

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Taking advantage of geometry has been always a current base in Iranian traditional architecture for accommodate survey among form, stability and coordination. Recognition of components’ geometrical behavior along organic :union: making’s direction among skeleton, space and background systems causes integrated feedback formation among effective elements in collection’s stability. Based on existing geometrical limitations in their structures and coordination, Iranian girih as modular units are capable of developing in x and y axes by considering visual values and actionable efficiency. According to controlled process of Iranian girih s’ structure in mentioned axes, transferring this discipline in z axis for -3dimensional action’s maintenance of structure collection is also discussed. So, firstly current article has considered usage method of girih geometry productive parameters by Grasshopper graphical coding software, and then resulting collection of various forms from girih geometry is introduced as a population of analyzable genes by genetic algorithm method. Thereby, supports’ optimized location is developed by -3dimentional action among components for reaching an efficient form of girih’s geometry. Adapted to survey, prevalent population of introduced genes collections is selected after simultaneously analysis of form and mechanism by Karamba addition and the most optimized status of supports’ location is selected in circumstances that structure’s components has the minimum stress. Then, the optimized state and organized sample in supports’ location are considered to explore about resulting behavior in both states toward load transferring to case foundation. According to this study results, it can be concluded that by defining certain legislations, geographical mechanism of Iranian girih causes an integrated behavior’s controlling and multi-dimensional action among quality parameters such as cladding structures’ designing and quantity parameters such as proper behavior toward forces. This coordinating feedback between architecture and structure in supports’ optimized location which results from genetic algorithm method, decreases stress in structures’ components and also maximizes structure’s stability besides economic advantage in used materials. So, firstly current article has considered usage method of girih geometry productive parameters by Grasshopper graphical coding software, and then resulting collection of various forms from girih geometry is introduced as a population of analyzable genes by genetic algorithm method. Thereby, supports’ optimized location is developed by -3dimentional action among components for reaching an efficient form of girih’s geometry. Adapted to survey, prevalent population of introduced genes collections is selected after simultaneously analysis of form and mechanism by Karamba addition and the most optimized status of supports’ location is selected in circumstances that structure’s components has the minimum stress. Then, the optimized state and organized sample in supports’ location are considered to explore about resulting behavior in both states toward load transferring to case foundation. According to this study results, it can be concluded that by defining certain legislations, geographical mechanism of Iranian girih causes an integrated behavior’s controlling and multi-dimensional action among quality parameters such as cladding structures’ designing and quantity parameters such as proper behavior toward forces. Based on existing geometrical limitations in their structures and coordination, Iranian girih as modular units are capable of developing in x and y axes by considering visual values and actionable efficiency. According to controlled process of Iranian girih s’ structure in mentioned axes, transferring this discipline in z axis for -3dimensional action’s maintenance of structure collection is also discussed. So, firstly current article has considered usage method of girih geometry productive parameters by Grasshopper graphical coding software, and then resulting collection of various forms from girih geometry is introduced as a population of analyzable genes by genetic algorithm method. Thereby, supports’ optimized location is developed by -3dimentional action among components for reaching an efficient form of girih’sgeometry. Adapted to survey, prevalent population of introduced genes collections is selected after simultaneously analysis of form and mechanism by Karamba addition and the most optimized status of supports’ location is selected in circumstances that structure’s components has the minimum stress. Then, the optimized state and organized sample in supports’ location are considered to explore about resulting behavior in both states toward load transferring to case foundation. According to controlled process of Iranian girih s’ structure in mentioned axes, transferring this discipline in z axis for -3dimensional action’s maintenance of structure collection is also discussed. So, firstly current article has considered usage method of girih geometry productive parameters by Grasshopper graphical coding software, and then resulting collection of various forms from girih geometry is introduced as a population of analyzable genes by genetic algorithm method. Thereby, supports’ optimized location is developed by -3dimentional action among components for reaching an efficient form of girih’s geometry. Adapted to survey, prevalent population of introduced genes collections is selected after simultaneously analysis of form and mechanism by Karamba addition and the most optimized status of supports’ location is selected in circumstances that structure’s components has the minimum stress. Then, the optimized state and organized sample in supports’ location are considered to explore about resulting behavior in both states toward load transferring to case foundation. According to controlled process of Iranian girih s’ structure in mentioned axes, transferring this discipline in z axis for -3dimensional action’s maintenance of structure collection is also discussed. So, firstly current article has considered usage method of girih geometry productive parameters by Grasshopper graphical coding software, and then resulting collection of various forms from girih geometry is introduced as a population of analyzable genes by genetic algorithm method. Thereby, supports’ optimized location is developed by -3dimentional action among components.

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In this study, 41 isolates of the genus Trichoderma including six species of Trichoderma arundinaceum, T. asperellum, T. atroviride, T. harzianum, T. longibrachiatum and T. virens were isolated from soils of cucumber fields in Kermanshah province, and their efficacy to control Phytophthora drechsleri, the causal agent of cucumber damping off, was investigated in laboratory and greenhouse conditions. In direct confrontation between Trichoderma isolates and the pathogen, all isolates were able to promote, establish, and sporulate on pathogen mycelia. Through dual culture test, the most inhibitory effect on pathogen growth (62.89%) was recorded for T. harzianum (isolate T1). Volatile compounds of T. harzianum (isolate T7) had the greatest mycelial growth inhibition (46.59%) compared with control. Complete growth inhibition of the pathogen was recorded when the growth medium was supplemented with culture filtrate of Trichoderma isolates at concentration of 15% and 30%. At the concentrations of 15% and 30%, 18 isolates and 22 isolates completely inhibited the pathogen expansion respectively. In the greenhouse, the results of data analysis on the survival percent of plants in various treatments showed significant differences between the isolates of Trichoderma in terms of preventing cucumber damping off. In conclusion, T. asperellum showed the highest ability to control Phytophthora damping off and promoting cucumber growth which is a new record for Iran. This species can be an appropriate choice for biological control of the disease caused by P. drechsleri in cucumber.
 

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Objective: Dendritic cells have a critical role in control and regulation of immune responses. It is believed that these cells can be used for the treatment of many diseases. One of the methods used in immunotherapy is based on generating of tolerogenic dendritic cells through inhibition of expression costimulatory molecules. CD40 is one of the costimulatory molecules, and inhibition of expression by antisense or siRNA techniques, can generate tolerogenic dendritic cells. Generation of tolerogenic dendritic cells will be useful in the treatment of many diseases. By developing a quantitive RT-PCR for evaluation of gene expression, generation of these cells could be possible. Using proper software we designed an Antisense and transfection of dendritic cells by lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen) could lead us to generate tolerogenic dendritic cells. Materials and Methods: In this study dendritic cells were extracted from of Balb/c mice Spleen and the purity of this extraction was determined by flow cytometry. BCL1 cell line as a CD40 expressing control group and Wehi-164 cell line were cultured in RPMI-1640+10%FCS. Primer design for CD40 gene and house keeping gene (GADPH) was done by bioinformatic soft wares such as Beacon designer, mfold and Blast. RNasy plus mini kit (Qiagen) was used for RNA extraction and the Purity and integrity were determined by O.D at 260/280 and agarose gel electrophoresis. In the next step cDNA synthesized and quantitative RT-PCR for CD40 using IQ sybergreen (Biorad) were setup. Finally, standard curve for CD40 and internal control in different RNA concentrations were performed. After transfection with lipofectamin 2000 the amount of gene suppression were quantified by qualitative RT-PCR. Results: Using gradient real time PCR, optimum annealing temperature, Ct and ∆Rn for CD40 and GADPH were determined, annealing temperature was 59.5ºc and melting temperature was 84°c. Slope of the curve and the efficacy of PCR for CD40 and GADPH genes were quantified by serial dilution method

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Conformational changes during protein -protein or ligand -protein docking play an important role in the biological processes. These changes involve low frequency collective motions, and normal mode analysis is generally used for finding the frequencies and mode shapes of the proteins. Many studies have been focused on the prediction of these transitions using different protein models. Among them, elastic network models are popular, as they are simple and do not require energy minimization. However, so far no systematic study has been done about considering the effect of different parameters in prediction of these conformational changes. In this study 20 proteins with pre-determined conformational changes were selected and the success and validation of each elastic network model in predicting the bound state were tested. According to the results, the first three modes play the major role in predicting the conformational changes. Moreover, choosing the proper cutoff radius is more effective than the potential function. Results also show that non-exponential models with 10 angestrom cutoff are more accurate in predicting conformational changes, in spite of their simplicity and being less time consuming.

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Objective: Human retinal pigment epithelium (hRPE) is a cell monolayer located in the outer part of the retina that is in contact with photoreceptors. In many diseases RPE cells damage. One way for treating this disease is the implantation of intact instead of damaged cells. For this reason different types of substrates have been used for cell cultivation. This study has used alginate and a blend of alginate/gelatin (A/G) to study RPE cell growth. Methods: We prepared alginate solutions in concentrations of 1% and 2% (w/v) in water and DMEM/F12. The solutions were infused into each well of 6-well micro plates until a uniform culture substrate that had a 1 mm thickness was generated. Passage-4 hRPE cells were cultivated on the substrate and the cell characteristics studied. hRPE cells did not adhere to alginate in DMEM/F12 and did not exhibit interaction with alginate substrate. For this reason A/G solutions at concentrations of 1% and 2% (w/v) in water were prepared. We prepared A/G blends at weight ratios of: 20:80, 30:70, 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, 70:30, and 80:20. These blends were infused into each well of 6-well plates until the appropriate 1 mm thickness of A/G was achieved. Isolated hRPE cells were cultured on synthetic substrate after which we studied the cells' characteristics.   Result: hRPE cell generated adhesive colonies on the A/G substrate. In all studied combinations of A/G, the diffused hRPE cells formed a monolayer under the substrate sheets. However the A/G 20:80 ratio had cell growth in the upper face of the substrate. hRPE survived indefinitely on A/G substrate. After the cells were re-cultured on polystyrene, they showed general morphological features of normal hRPE cells. Conclusion: The A/G blend at a 20:80 ratio was chosen to be used for future studies.

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Many phenomena in molecular biophysics happen over time and length scales that are inaccessible by fully atomistic computer simulations. Therefore, coarse-graining has become a common strategy for bridging the gap in time and length scale between the atomistic simulation and biological processes. Furthermore, in many cases the system dynamics is better represented in terms of collective coordinates. This study is concerned with a rigorous coarse-graining method for dynamics of linear systems using collective coordinates of the resiudes rather than coordinates of individual atoms. In this method an invertible linear time-independent map is considered to relate the original displacements to the collective coordinates. Then, the conformational space of the transformed system is divided into master and slave degrees of freedom. Under the assumption that the masters are slower than the slaves and by expanding the masters’ displacements in Taylor series with respect to time variable, the method results in effective stiffness, friction and mass for the coarse-grained system in terms of collective coordinates of the residues. Center of mass and hydrodynamic center of reaction coordinates of the residues are considered as collective coordinates. Application of the method to finding the relaxation dynamics of various proteins shows that using center of mass coordinates significantly improves the results.

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Introduction: Endothelial dysfunction is a consequence of obesity and metabolic syndrome. In this study, the effect of CX Works training (CX) on serum endothelial microparticles (EMPs) and nitric oxide (NO) as markers of vascular endothelial function was measured in women with metabolic syndrome.
Methods: For this purpose, 24 sedentary adult obese women were randomly divided into CX (8 weeks, n= 12) and control (no training, n = 12) groups. CX were performed every other day for 8 weeks. Serum NO and EMPs after an overnight fast were measured in both study groups (pre-training) and measurements were repeated 48 hours after the last CX training session (post-training). Independent / paired t-test was used to compare between groups.
Results: CX training resulted in significant increase in serum NO and decrease in EMPs compared to the pre-training (p<0.05). No significant change were observed in any variables in control groups (p>0.05).
Conclusion: CX training, as a novel exercise modality, is associated with improved vascular endothelial function in women with metabolic syndrome. Measurement of other vascular markers is needed to better understand the mechanisms responsible for these changes.
 

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Human capital in any organization has a positive effect on the performance of activities and causes the goals to move forward in the direction of organizational development. By investing in human resources, the field of increasing the supply of specialized labor as a factor of growth and development is also provided. The field of entrepreneurial human capital developmentstrategies is one of the new research fields in the field of human capital and entrepreneurship and little research has been done in this regard and no comprehensive model presented so far. The review of the human capital literature shows that several factors affect the development of entrepreneurial human capital of an organization's employees. Due to the importance of the subject, the main purpose of this study is to design a model of entrepreneurial human capital development strategies in governmental organizations. This research conducted within the framework of a qualitative approach and in order to collect data, in-depth and exploratory interviews used in two stages with 10 managers and experts of the Jihad Agricultural Organization. The interview tools approved both in terms of content validity and reliability based on the agreement between the two coders. Out of 280 verbal statements from the interviews, 28 influential factors at three levels: individual, organizational and macro level, as well as seven strategies for the development of entrepreneurial human capital, including training strategies, financial and legal policy strategies, human resource strategies, extra-organizational strategies, technological strategies, cultural strategies and discourse-building strategies obtained.