Showing 9 results for Yousefzadi
, Morteza Yousefzadi, , , , ,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (11-2015)
Abstract
Free radicals, having one or more unpaired electrons in the outer orbit, which are oxygen-centred free radicals, sometimes known as reactive oxygen species (ROS). The oxidative stress imposed by ROS plays an important role in many chronic and degenerative diseases. The aim of the present research was undertaken to study the antioxidant activity and polyphenolic content in the different extracts of sea urchin Echinometra mathaei. Different extracts (spine, shell, gonad and aristotol lantern) of sea urchin were isolated by three solvents (n- hexan, ethyl acetate, methanol). Antioxidant activity of extracts was assessed by measured reducing power, DPPH free radical scavenging activity and total antioxidant capacity assays, and compared with the synthetic antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluent (BHT) and Ascorbic acid. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were measured spectrophotometrically. According to the results of the study, highest the reducing power and free radical-scavenging activity of the methanolic shell and methanolic spine, respectively. In total antioxidant capacity assay, the antioxidant activity of aristotol lantern ethyl acetate, spine and gonad n-hexan was higher as compared to that of the ascorbic acid. The highest total phenol and flavonoid compound content per gram of the methanolic spine were 0.0044±0.0003 mg gallic acid equivalents and 24.616±0.7167 mg quercetin equivalents, respectively. Significant differences were observed at P
, Morteza Yousefzadi, , ,
Volume 7, Issue 3 (Special Issue 2016)
Abstract
Chitin is one of the most abundant renewable polysaccharides in nature that is widely found in the shell of the crustacean, insect cuticle and cell walls of fungi. Due to the unique properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradation and noun toxicity is widely used in various industries. In this study, we used of Banana shrimp, Penaeus merguinsis wastes (particle size 8-10 mm) to extract chitin using microbial fermentation method by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Demineralization and deproteinization was carried out by incubating shrimp waste inoculated with bacteria at different concentration glucose (0%, 10%, 15% and 20% w/v) and inoculum (10%, 15% and 20% v/v) for 4 day in a shaking incubator (100 rpm) at 30°C. The results showed a direct correlation between the concentration of these parameters and deproteinization and demineralization rate. When studying the effect of these parameters, 20% glucose and 20% of the inoculum was determined as the optimum value, which leads to the production of chitin with a removal of minerals (76%) and protein (86%). Therefore, the microbial fermentation, as an ecofriendly and positive method, can be used to produce a high- quality chitin.
M. Karimpoor , E. Kamrani , M. Yousefzadi, M. Nazemi ,
Volume 9, Issue 3 (Summer 2018)
Abstract
Aims: Considering the importance of health and some disadvantages of the existing synthetic compounds, the present research aimed at evaluating the antibacterial and antioxidant potential of Haliclona caerulea extracts.
Materials and Methods: In the present experimental study, organic extracts of n-hexane, diethyl ether, and methanol were prepared by the Bligh and Dyer method from the marine sponge; then, antibacterial activity was measured by disc diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and antioxidant activity was measured by evaluating the regenerative power and determining the total antioxidant capacity of the extracts. The data were analyzed by Duncan's new multiple range test (MRT) one-way ANOVA test. SPSS 19 and Excel 2013 software were used.
Findings: Methanol extract had the most antibacterial effect, especially against Gram positive bacterial of Bacillus subtilis with a concentration of 2.5mg/ml and Staphylococcus aureus with a concentration of 5mg/ml. Diethyl ether extracts showed the highest antioxidant activity at concentration of 5mg/ml.
Conclusion: The methanol extract of Haliclona caerulea exhibits more antibacterial properties, and the diethyl ether extract of this sponge have a higher antioxidant effect.
M. Amirinezhad , M. Yousefzadi , M. Arman , M. Rahimzadeh ,
Volume 9, Issue 3 (Summer 2018)
Abstract
Aims: Barnacles are benthos crustacean with a calcareous place. In the state of puberty, they do not move and stick on their feet to the objects in the water. The life cycle of a typical barnacle includes two stages. The aim of this study was to compare essential oils toxicity of Satureja khuzistanica and Satureja rechingeri on larvae of the barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, leaves of S. khuzestanica and S. rechingeri were collected. The extraction lasted 3 to 4 hours. Essential oil composition was detected by Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In order to evaluate the toxicity, the effect of essential oils with 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25, 3.125, and 1.5µg/ml concentrations was investigated on larvae of the barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite. For data analysis, one way ANOVA, SPSS 16 software, Probit analysis with 95% confidence interval, and Excel 2010 were used.
Findings: Both S. khuzestanica and S. rechingeri had a high toxicity effect on larvae of the barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite, which had a 100% lethal effect at 50μg/ml concentration and with increasing concentrations, more mortality was observed in the barnacle larval stages. S. khuzestanica with LC50 of 23.48μg/ml had a stronger effect on stage II nauplius. Stages 5 and 6 of barnacle larvae were also more susceptible than the rest of the stages.
Conclusion: Both S. rechingeri and S. khuzestanica have a high toxicity effect on larvae of the barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite.
S. Mashjoor , M. Yousefzadi , H. Zolgharnain , E. Kamrani , M. Alishahi ,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (Fall 2018)
Abstract
Aims: In nanoecotoxicology science, fish erythrocyte micronucleus assay for the monitoring genotoxic potential of nanoparticles is a powerful biomarker. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating genotoxicity of magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles in red blood cells of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) using micronucleus assay under acute and chronic treatment. Materials and Methods: In the current experimental study, the genotoxit toxicology of Fe3O4 nanoparticles was performed during an acute (96 hours; 5 concentrations including 0, 10, 100, 500, and 1000 mg/l) and chronic (14 days; 3 concentrations including 0, 100, and 500 mg/l) of Fe3O4 nanoparticles in three replications. The data were analyzed by IBM SPSS 19, using two-way ANOVA, and Duncan's new multiple range test.
Findings: Acute exposure to Fe3O4 nanoparticles had no acute toxicity effect juvenile carp (C. carpio). By increasing the concentration of nanoparticles in a 96-hour interval, the frequency of micronucleus (‰) and other abnormal forms around the red blood cell nucleus of juvenile carps showed a significant increase compared to the control group (p<0.05). In the chronic treatment at concentrations of 100 and 500 mg/l of Fe3O4 nanoparticles, the rate of increase in the frequency of micronucleus was similar to the acute functional test of concentration.
Conclusion: Although Fe3O4 nanoparticles do not have acute toxicity effects in common carp and are non-toxic, they tend to induce genotoxic effects by increasing the frequency of micronucleus and other abnormalities of the red blood cell core during a concentration-dependent process. So, it seems that the release of FeO4NPs into the environment, it is probable adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems.
S. Soleimani , M. Yousefzadi , H. Rezadoost ,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (Fall 2018)
Abstract
Aims: Sea urchins have been extensively studied due to the commercial importance of their gonads in the global industry. Although after removal of the edible gonads, the remaining shell and spines are usually discarded, they are known to possess various polyhydroxylated naphthoquinone (PHNQ) pigments. The aim of the present research was quantitative and qualitative identification of PHNQ pigments from shell and spine of Echinometra Mathaei of the Persian Gulf.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, the Echinometra mathaei was used as the sea urchin test sample. Sea urchins were collected in 2013 from Zeytoon Park in Qeshm Island, Persian Gulf. Shell and spine pigments were extracted by hydrochloric acid from sea urchin. Then, the quantity of Naphthoquinone compounds was evaluated by spectrophotometric and their quality was evaluated by Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The data were analysed by ANOVA and Duncan's new multiple range test at 5% probability level, using SPSS 19 software and the diagrams were drawn by Excel 2013 software.
Findings: The most pigments were Spinochrome A, C, B, and Echinochrome A, respectively. The presence of PHNQ pigments were confirmed in pigments Spinochrome B and C, Echinochrome A, and Spinochrome A, respectively.
Conclusion: The presence of each of the four pigments in shell and spine pigments is confirmed by quantitative and qualitative methods. The most pigments are Spinochrome A, C, B, and Echinochrome A, respectively.
Nasrin Fazelian, Morteza Yousefzadi, Ahmad Ahmadi,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (Spring 2020)
Abstract
Objectives: In this study, the effect of different concentrations (1-50 mg/L) of colloidal Ag-NPs investigated on the growth, fatty acids profile and biodiesel indices of N. oculata, after estimating EC50 (20.88 mg/L).
Materials and methods: In this research, N. oculata was selected owing to fast growth and its ability to synthesize lipids for biodiesel production. This microalga exposed to colloidal silver nanoparticles under marine conditions for 72 h. The optical density (OD) and fatty acid profiles were investigated using spectrophotometric analysis and gas chromatography, respectively. Statistical analysis growth data was performed using ANOVA and Duncan's multiple test at 2% probability level.
Results: The algal growth significantly decreased in N. oculata cells treated with the 5-50 mg/L of Ag-NPs. The increase of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) as well as the decrease of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) contents were also observed in response to 25 mg/L of Ag-NPs in compared to the control. The important indicators of biodiesel oxidative stability containing LCSF, CFPP and CP increased in N. oculata exposed to Ag-NPs, while the level of DU decreased. The results of this study showed that despite the toxicity of silver nanoparticles, this nanoparticle can increase the biodiesel stability produced from N. oculata.
Fatemeh Sedaghat, Morteza Yousefzadi, Arash Ghaderi, Fatemeh Shayesteh,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (1-2023)
Abstract
In a marine environment, the biofilm formed on the submerged surfaces leads to fouling of larger organisms. This leads to many environmental and economic problems for the marine industries. Due to the harmful effects of chemical antifouling, the development of environmentally friendly anti-biofilm strategies can be an important step to control fouling.
Therefore, the present study was performed with the aim of isolation of biofilm-forming bacteria from Persian Gulf waters and investigating the antimicrobial effect of thymol against selected bacteria.82 bacterial were isolated and their ability to form biofilm was measured. Among these, 5 isolates were selected and identified using 16S rRNA sequences. The results showed that the 5 selected isolates belonged to the Proteobacteria (genus Vibrio, Kangiella and Psudoaltromonas). In the study of the antibacterial effect of thymol, K. spongicola (PH1) showed the highest sensitivity in disk diffusion method (with a growth inhibition zone diameter of 18 ± 0.57 mm). The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration (at 31.5 and 62.5 μg /ml, respectively) were obtained against the same bacterium. The inhibitory thymol on biofilm formation and performed biofilm by Psudoaltromonas sp. (PH18) showed that thymol at concentrations sub-MIC is able to inhibit biofilm formation. The effect of thymol on the performed biofilm at concentrations higher than MIC is noticeable. Based on the results, due to the anti-biofilm activity of thymol against marine bacteria, its use as a natural compound in antifouling coatings can be suggested.
Fatemeh Sedaghat, Morteza Yousefzadi, Arash Ghaderi, Fatemeh Shayesteh,
Volume 14, Issue 2 (5-2023)
Abstract
The volatility of essential oils and their instability against environmental factors limit their use. However, encapsulating these compounds in polymeric nanoparticles can significantly increase their half-life and make their use possible for longer periods. Chitosan, a biodegradable polymer with controlled release and low toxicity, is one of the polymers utilized in the encapsulation of essential oils. As a result, the present study was carried out with the aim of nanoencapsulation of carvacrol and thymol in chitosan using ionic gelation method and the concentration of chitosan (0.1-0.3%), TPP concentration (0.2-0.1%) and concentration of essential oil (0.1-0.2%) as three variables. The mean particle size of chitosan nanoparticles was optimized using response surface methodology and central composite design. The size and polydispersity index (PDI) were determined by DLS, essential oil loading confirmation was evaluated by FTIR, and the spectrophotometric method was used to measure the encapsulation efficiency. Then, the results of the optimization of nanoparticle synthesis were investigated. The optimum conditions for the synthesis of chitosan-thymol nanoparticles and achieving a size of 101 nm and encapsulation efficiency of 72%, a concentration of 0.11% chitosan, 0.19% TPP and 0.14% thymol were determined. In the case of chitosan-carvacrol nanoparticles, a concentration of 0.13% chitosan, 0.19% TPP and 0.15% carvacrol resulted in the formation of nanoparticles with a size of 95 nm and an encapsulation efficiency of 65%. In general, the results demonstrated the ability of the response surface methodology to predict the particle size and PDI of chitosan nano-formulations containing carvacrol and thymol.
