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Lipase is used in the production of detergents, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, flavour enhancers and foods. The lipase of yeast Yarrowia lipolytica can be used for production of important class of chemical intermediates in the pharmaceutical industry. Lipase production depends on media composition and environmental conditions. Y. lipolytica DSM 3286 strain was cultured on media containing different organic and inorganic nitrogen sources. Lipase production was investigated by measuring biomass and lipase activity was detected by ρ-nitrophenyl laurate (PNPL) spectrophotometric assay method at various times within a period of 7 days. In this study, the effect of different nitrogen sources was investigated on Y. lipolytica DSM 3286 lipase production. The maximal lipase production (34.7 U/ml after 48 h) was detected in medium containing yeast extract as nitrogen source. The optimum temperature and pH of the enzyme activity were 37 °C and 7, respectively. The final goal of this study is to develop and optimize lipase production by Y. lipolytica for use in pharmaceutical industry.

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Aims: This study aimed to investigate the effect of different planting plans, especially trees with varying characteristics of branch and leaf structure, height, canopy diameter, and density, leaf shape, and size, and compare the cooling effect under similar conditions to a suitable planting plan for maximum productivity. 

Methods: The data collection method in this field and library research and the analysis method used are simulations, and the findings and comparison of results are quantitative and qualitative. Vegetation information of the site in the first stage is harvested, and the current situation is simulated, and its impact is determined. Then two new planting plans with the same amount of greenery in the current situation are designed and manufactured in the environment, and the results are compared.

Findings: The simulation results show that group planting mode is completely similar conditions in terms of plant species and the number of trees 0.85 ° C reduces the average air temperature compared to the linear planting mode and the biggest difference is in the average radiant temperature, which is more than 3 (3.18) ° C There is a temperature difference between group planting mode compared to linear planting mode and group planting mode has a lower average radiant temperature.

Conclusion: This study revealed the effect of the group planting plan factor, despite creating a full shade of trees and reducing the shading area of ​​trees, improved the PMV thermal comfort index and improved environmental variables.

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Aims: Reuse of heritage buildings is the best strategy to preserve the building. The lack of attention to industrial heritage buildings compared to other heritage buildings has caused their destruction, while due to its huge scale, it can be used appropriately. In addition, these buildings usually do not provide daylight standards for health and productivity. The main goal is to analyze the current state of the daylight and find solutions to reduce glare and optimal use of daylight instead of artificial light.

Methods:The case study is the research on the building of the old steam boiler in the Ghaemshahr textile factory complex in Mazandaran province. Building modeling is done with Rhino and Grasshopper, and daylight is simulated in Honeybee and Ladybug plugins based on Radiance. The design parameters of the shading system for horizontal and vertical louvres have been examined in order of the width of the blades, the distance between them and the angle, and the width has been considered for the frame. These parameters are examined by manual optimization method. With scrutinizing and validation, it leads to a better selection of shading system for better productivity.

Findings: With the aid of shading systems, it is possible to reduce glare and have enough daylight in the space. Among the shadings, the vertical louvre reports the greatest effect in reducing glare.

Conclusion: The result is presented as a design guideline for industrial heritage buildings in a humid subtropical climate so that the building can be reused with minimal intervention.
 

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Aims: Utilizing passive architectural elements to conserve energy and optimize natural lighting is a common solution in traditional Iranian architecture. Various factors such as building shape and orientation, window positioning, use of local materials, and shading devices are recognized as traditional architectural elements in warm and humid climates. The main objective of this research is to evaluate the efficiency and optimize architectural elements in the warm and humid climate of Bushehr city, focusing on energy consumption control and utilization of natural light.

Methods: Firstly, through documentary resources, the residential architectural patterns of Bushehr were identified. Then, using the Rhinoceros software environment and Grasshopper plugin, selected variables were parametrically modeled, and quantitative data analysis was conducted using energy tools and radiation analysis. Finally, optimal patterns were selected using a genetic algorithm, and the final response was presented with an annual performance analysis.

Findings: By optimizing passive strategies, UDI could be increased up to 96%, and energy consumption could be reduced up to 174.1 kWh/m². In hot and humid climates, paying attention to the minimum absorption of sunlight is essential, in addition to the importance of using natural ventilation.

Conclusion: Using passive architectural elements such as the use of Shenashir, the proportions of the room and the window-to-wall ratio increases the performance of the building. The conclusion emphasizes the pivotal role of the contemporization of traditional houses in resolving contemporary architectural challenges, especially high energy consumption and environmental regulation.

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Thyroid cancer, the most common endocrine malignancy worldwide, originates from follicular epithelial cells. It is classified as a well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma (WDTC), which includes both follicular (FTC) and papillary types (PTC), poorly differentiated thyroid carcinomas (PDTC), anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), and/or arising from para-follicular calcitonin producing cells involve medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC[ss1] ). “Epigenetic” refers to the study of heritable changes in gene expression that occur without any alteration in the pattern of the primary DNA sequence. Growing evidence shows that epigenetic changes play important roles in thyroid carcinomas and, together with genetic changes, lead to tumorigenesis. Epigenetic silencing of various genes specific for thyroid differentiation have been detected in thyroid tumors. These changes in tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressor genes also contribute to the dysregulation of thyrocyte growth and other aspects of tumorigenesis. However, at present, no promising treatment is available for advanced thyroid cancer, which is unresponsive to radioiodine. Biologically targeted therapies for advanced thyroid carcinomas have been proposed based on the recognition of main oncogenic mutations. In this review we discuss the most frequent epigenetic variations in different types of thyroid cancer, epigenetic strategies for treating this carcinoma, and experimental data and clinical trials, particularly those that use deacetylase inhibitors and demethylating agents.