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The importance of researches within the syntactic scope of different languages and dialects in scientific frameworks has specifically gained interest within the Optimality Theoretic Framework (OTE), within which the variety differences can be defined by differential rankings of the same set of constraints, and the concept of “Unity in Variety” in different linguistic domains is achieved. The present dialectological study is aimed to investigate the word order of declarative projections (including transitive, intransitive and clefting sentences) in Ateni/ Saravi dialect of Mazandarani language. To achieve the goals of the investigation, 27 dialectal declarative sentences are analyzed and represented by the usage of tableaus and diagrams throughout the paper. The analysis is performed by the aid of Grimshaw's (2001) left alignment constraints (Head Left, Specifier Left and Complement Left) as well as her (2001, 1997) obligatory element constraints (Obligatory Head and Obligatory Specifier). For the sake of determining the appearance and absence of subject in the projections studied in the dialectal data, the research applies Kohn's (2003) structural constraints including that of faithfulness (Full Interpretation, Parse) and markedness ones (Opearator-Specifier, No - Lexical Movement, Stay). Following Grimshaw (2001), the investigation of the concept of unity in variety has been followed throughout this study not only by the usage of alignment constraints but also by their number of violations; i.e. the variation lies only in which of the constraints to be violated, and the number of times it violates. In accordance, the present research demonstrates that the sameness of the number of elements in the dialectal projections results in the sameness of the total number of alignment violations that approves the unity in spite of superficial linguistic varities. Keywords: Word order typology, Alignment constraints, Obligatory element constraints, Structural constraints, Unity in variety.

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The increasing rate of depositing new protein sequences and structures to biological databases such as Protein Data Bank (PDB) indicates the importance of structural comparison to explore the evolutionary relationship among different protein families, prediction of function in annotated proteins and classification of protein structure and folds. Due to the high computational cost, protein multiple structural alignment programs in comparison with the conventional multiple sequence alignment programs are slower and represent approximate answers. Therefore, designing new algorithms is an open problem. In this paper, a novel algorithm named PSNetAl for multiple structural alignments of proteins based on graph matching is introduced. PSNetAl inputs are protein structural files in PDB format. Undirected, distance-based graphs are constructed from pdb input files and multiple alignments of graphs are performed by a progressive algorithm. The largest common subgraph as the output of multiple alignment includes the common nodes among all networks. If there is any structural or evolutionary similarity among networks, it will be expected after multiple alignments structural motifs to be present in the largest common subgraph. To evaluate the functionality of PSNetAl, a dataset containing 76 protein families with 50-90% sequence identity and at least 3 members were extracted from HOMSTRAD database. The obtained results show in 67 out of 76 families more than 90% of structural motifs are observed in the largest common subgraph of the multiple alignment.

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In an experimental study, we compared the prosodic contours of two sets of complex sentences containing a relative clause. In one set, a relative clause was in unmark position (head-RL order), in the other, the relative clause was extraposed to the end of the sentence after the main verb. Two intonational parameters (pitch range and peak alignment) were examined on all components of main and subordinate clauses. The finding revealed that in-situ relative clause lacked an F₀ rise. while the extraposition  made the head noun a focal element showing a) a higher pitch than the same word in the unmarked condition; b) an earlier peak alignment with respect to segmental string as compared to the unmarked condition; c) the accentuation of post focal constituents. In addition, the post focal constituents are not necessarily deaccentuated by all speakers, some speakers tend to continue the rise and the preceding pitch accent up to the end of the main clause, and only de-accent the following extraposed relative clause. 

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IT governance is the ability to direct and organize information technology and identify the responsibilities between IT and business align with the organizational goals. This research intends to "survey the mediating role of operational coordination in the effect of strategy alignment on IT governance maturity”. The statistical population in the qualitative sector includes the IT experts and in the quantitative part is the senior managers of the IT and business departments of TCI. This study is an applied-developmental purpose and it is descriptive-survey in nature as well. The data collection tools are library resources, interviews, and a researcher-made questionnaire whose content validity has been verified by experts. The innovation of this study is to introduce the variable "Operational coordination" that leads to objectification of the "IT-Business strategy alignment” in order to realize the IT governance maturity. The research model was designed in two dimensions as a combination of Loftman's strategy alignment and business process management methodology (including 10 key components and 55 indicators). Its content validity and reliability were confirmed by experts using Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.936). Structural validity, structure and fit of the model were investigated by using structural equation modeling with SmartPLS software and the research hypotheses were tested. The results showed that the effects of both strategy alignment and operational coordination variables on the IT governance maturity were positive and significant. The Sobel test results also confirmed the mediating role of variable operational coordination in the effect of strategy alignment on IT governance maturity.
 

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One of the problems associated with adaptive FIR filters in the identification of systems with long impulse responses, is their excessive computational complexity. Recently a new kind of adaptive filters, based on three-level clipping of the input signal has been presented for reduction of their computational complexity. In this paper, a theoretical analysis of the steady-state misalignment of adaptive filter equipped with the LMS algorithm, based on three-level clipping, is presented and by using it the minimum mean square error is achieved. This analysis can be a basis in the design of the above mentioned filters with appropriate clipping levels and proper step-sizes for system identification applications.

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Ali Sabaghi, PH.D.
Tahere Mirhashemi, PH.D.i
 
Abstract
 
The current article studies the role and status of rows in Ibrahim Araqi’s odes. It has been assumed in this article that one of the root causes of Araqi’s success in presentation of odes has been the attention paid by this poet on usage of rows in poetry.
The question that is left open is the status of rows in creation of Araqi’s odes. To respond to this question, initially the inductive approach should be used for extraction and classification of all odes of this poet. Thereafter, the data on different types of rows (by word, or by a sentence) were analytically studied with due regard to values of rows in the realms of music, art, and connotation.
The outcome of the research shows row is one of the fundamental components of the structure in the majority of Araqi’s odes. He uses rows for reinforcement of the innate and marginal musical aspect of poetry, creation of lingual figures of speech, repetition and attachment of importance to a particular theme; establishment of audio and visual balance, indoctrination and instillation, and further influence on the addressees.
 

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Nowadays, due to the increasing cost of industrial machines and also energy costs, using logical solutions to increase the useful life of production equipments are important. Misalignment and unbalancing are the most common factors that are causing energy loss and reduce the life of rotating machinery. Energy loss estimation has a vital role in selecting the best method for decreasing it. Several methods for modeling and detecting these faults have been presented up to now, but poor results are about the energy loss rate due to these faults. In the present paper, based on equations of motion for a system with misalignment and unbalance faults, a new idea is presented for energy loss calculation and the governing equations are solved numerically for this target. The amounts of energy loss, for both cases of with and without the faults and also for various speeds of shaft rotation, are computed and compared. The results of this theoretical investigation show that the rate of energy loss strongly depends on the amount of shaft misalignment, unbalance and speed of shaft rotation.

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Instructional materials as a basic component of curriculums and a central constituent of standards-based programs play a provisional role in both setting the aims and leading the way. English textbooks in Iran’s public education are officially developed and used nationwide. One recently introduced English textbook series is Prospects (I-III) . It is intended for the the Iranian junior high schools and is normally supposed to guide teachers and provide students with the basic exposure to English as a Foreign Language (EFL) context. The textbooks, together with the lessons, have to be aligned in targeting educational objectives given the sequential nature of the intended grades and the serial contents of instruction. This study evaluated the vertical and horizontal alignment among the series’ textbooks and lessons drawing on Bloom’s revised taxonomy of educational objectives (Anderson & Krathwohl, 2001). The evaluation initially involved descriptive content analysis of the activities within and across the textbooks using a checklist developed based on the taxonomy. Then, the content matrixes were subjected to Porter et al.’s (2007) alignment index for the statistical assessment of lessons and textbooks’ alignment. The findings generally suggested that the lessons were tuned adequately, albeit accommodating mainly lower-order knowledge types and cognitive skills at the cost of discarding the higher-order ones. In addition, the statistically positive and significant PAIs of 0.93, 0.78, and 0.74 between Prospect I & II, Prospect I & III, and Prospect II & III, respectively pointed to a harmony in the series’ content. The paper discusses the findings and implications in the Iranian  EFL context

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Researchers have variously investigated Persian in generative, functional, and cognitive frameworks, although, failed to account for some structural changes and the emergence of marked structures such as Left dislocation. The main goal of this article is to investigate left dislocation based on Optimality Theory. The present research is based on the descriptive-analytical method, and our corpus will include spoken Persian. The present paper aims to show that some constraints can be applied to form left dislocation in Persian, while ranking of the constraints represents the optimal form/forms. The constriants are based on constructional uints of Featurs and Conceptual Units which are properties of grammatical categories such as argument, or discourse-functioal ones, such as topic. The results show that applying the constraints of precedence, adjacency, and faithfulness on one side, and more features or conceptual units on the other side, the applied theory can further result in appropriate analysis of Persian cases. In other words, Syntax First Alignment has proved to be a promising framework for modeling Persian Left dislocation and can offer an alternative for syntactic frameworks based on hierarchical structure. The results, also, indicates that the features of [NEW], [ABOUT], and [CONTRAST] have key roles in Persisn Argument Left Dislocation. In addition, violating the constraints of Subject and Topic brings about unoptimality.


 

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Objective: The purpose of the present research is to study the relationship ‎between the alignment of different typologies of strategies for organizational ‎change strategies (structure, technology, culture, human resources and goals) ‎with improving the performance .‎ Methodology: The sampling of the present study was done on foreign airlines, ‎which are operating in Iran and the total population way under examination as the ‎subjects of the research. This study was done through both qualitative and ‎quantitative methods. The qualitative method included the grounded theory and ‎the data collection for this research was made by observation, interview and ‎Literature review. The applied quantitative method was a correlational field study. ‎The instrumentation was made through three researcher-made questionnaires. ‎ Results: Applying of the qualitative and quantitative methods approved that the ‎more the performance of the airlines improves, the more the typologies of strategic ‎reference points and strategic change variables will increase. Meanwhile, the more ‎the alignment among the typologies of organizational change strategies increases, ‎the more will be their performance (efficiency and effectiveness).‎ Conclusion: The results gained in both qualitative and quantitative methods are ‎in harmony with each other and it can be declared that making alignment ‎between the typologies of organizational change strategies (structure, ‎technology, culture, human resources and goals) can improve the performance.‎

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Meeting IT-business strategic alignment effectively in an organization ‎becomes very difficult task for top managers. Because, managers should ‎apply their best knowledge to understand the most important factors ‎affecting such strategic alignment in their organizations.‎ As a matter of the fact, there are few studies conducted to highlight such ‎factors. Therefore, we studied the critical success factors affecting IT-‎business alignment. In this regard we conducted a survey to analyze the ‎experts’ view to help to bridge such a gap.‎

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Multiple flaws are frequently occurred in actual components, such as pressure vessels and power plants. These flaws will in some circumstances lead to more severe effects than single flaw alone. Assessment of the interaction behaviour is based on an evaluation of the alignment and combination of these multiple flaws. In the current standards, multiple cracks are treated as an equivalent single crack if the distance between two cracks satisfies a prescribed criterion. First, this study introduces the current alignment and combination rules for through cracks. Following, to investigate the effects of the interaction of cracks, brittle fracture of a plate containig two adjacent cracks is simulated. The effect of cracks distances and crack lengths on stress intensity factors is evaluated. Also, crack growth analysis is simulated based on linear elastic fracture mechanics approach. The extended finite element method has been utilized to model the problem. This method enables the domain to be modeled by finite elements without explicitly meshing the crack surfaces, and hence crack propagation simulations can be carried out without remeshing. Based on the results, a new alignment and combination rule is proposed.

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The aim of strategy alignment in knowledge management value chain is to create and develop strategies for knowledge management in organization in order to align and overlap with grant organizational strategy. So this strategy should guide all organizational resources to create added value and achieve to competitive advantage. This paper tries, through defining and elaborating the concept of value chain in knowledge management process, as well as describing each section of that in detail, to give an strategic model on this process. Then the relation of this strategy with main organizational strategy is developed and analyzed as an integrated model.

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The problem of power loss in rotating machinery subjected to the angular misalignment and unbalancing faults are of great importance in relevant industries. Therefore, in this study, evaluation of the power loss and bearing forces of a typical coupling-disk-shaft system with angular misalignment and unbalancing faults is conducted using a novel approach based on the multibody dynamics. In this concern, the flexible coupling is modeled by linear and torsional spring-damper elements. After introducing the model, the kinematic constraints as well as the general form of Euler-Lagrange equations of motion are expressed. Then, the generalized forces are derived in detail. The equations of motion are then solved numerically by the 5th order Runge-Kutta method to evaluate the system power loss. In addition, the effect of angular misalignment and unbalancing faults on the disk displacements as well as the bearing forces are discussed. In the next part of this study, the theoretical results of the power loss are verified experimentally on a faulty simulator system. For measuring the power consumption, a digital power analyzer is used. The results of this research highlight clearly how the power loss is affected by increasing the amount of the system rotational velocity, the angle of misalignment, and the unbalance mass.

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In order to investigate the possible presence and molecular features of Peach Latent Mosaic Viroid (PLMVd) in west Iran (Kurdistan Province), a total of 132 leaf samples from almond, apricot, nectarine, peach, plum, sour cherry, and sweet cherry were collected from orchards during the summer of 2016 and 2017. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction amplified an expected ~350 base pair DNA fragment from 34 samples. The complete genome sequencing of 17 cloned isolates was determined. Sequence alignment of the new sequences showed 94.3-100% nucleotide identity, and 79.2-100% nucleotide identity with other previously reported PLMVd isolates. In phylogenetic analysis, isolated viroid variants from this study and 32 previously reported isolates were placed in two groups (I and II). All the isolated viroid variants in the present study were placed in group II-A (mosaic-inducing isolates), together with other isolates from Australia, China, India, Iran, Spain, Tunisia, and Turkey. The secondary structure of the Iranian variants revealed their unique structures as compared with previously reported isolates of the viroid. To our knowledge, this is the first report of PLMVd infection on apricot, sweet cherry, sour cherry, and nectarine in Iran.

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Aim and Introduction 
The pension system is of special place in the employment regulations of the private and public sectors of all countries of the world. In addition, pension funds are known as one of the most sensitive and complex financial institutions in today's world, whose main goal is to preserve the livelihood and dignity of people in old age. Pension funds have been created to provide social rights for citizens, and a long-term horizon is one of the main features of such funds. By receiving insurance premiums from the insured and investing the resources gathered in the early years and the so-called youth period of the fund, pension funds provide pensions for retirees during their maturity. The process of maturity of pension funds occurs naturally and if it is accompanied by the aging of the country's population, it will intensify. According to the International Monetary Fund, pension expenditures in the Social Security Organization and the civil serpents' Pension Fund will increase from 5.3% in 2015 to 11% in 2040 and 19.6% of GDP in 2080 and in the future, a large part of the country's budget should be spent on paying pensions.

Methodology
This study seeks to simulate and apply corrective policies to improve the financial misalignment in the Iranian pension system using dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model based on the overlapping generations (OLG) model. In this regard, impulse response functions were used to examine the effects of the proposed parametric corrections. The DSGE models are stochastic, microeconomic-founded, provide the possibility of dynamic evaluation of parametric changes as well as random changes of exogenous variables of the system, and give inter-temporal optimization of the behavior of economic agents. In addition, the mechanism of intergenerational transfer in the pension funds, can be well evaluated and studied by these models, so it seems to be a suitable tool for studying the effects of demographic parametric changes on the financial balance of pension funds.

Findings
The results show that positive shocks to the variables of years of service, birth rate, and average years of insurance, the financial misalignment of pension funds decreases. According to the results, linking the retirement age with life expectancy and increasing the years of premium payment can reduce financial misalignment and increase financial stability in the Iranian pension system.

Discussion and Conclusion
The government's decision to implement reforms in Iran's pension system is essential, taking into account social considerations and the step-by-step nature of these reforms. However, according to our findings, the following policies should be presented to improve the financial imbalance of Iran's pension system:
1. The results of the positive shock analysis to the years of service variable showed that the later retirement of people reduces economic dissatisfaction, and considering the past and projected increase in life expectancy in Iran, increasing the retirement age is justified and logical. According to global experience, the average retirement age should be increased from 60 to 63 years for men and from 55 to 58 years for women (one year for every two years). Also, in the future, it is suggested that the average retirement age be linked to the growth of life expectancy.
2. The analysis results of the positive shock to the birth rate variable showed that the young population reduces the financial imbalance. Therefore, it is necessary to implement policies to encourage birth in the coming years, because the population aging phenomenon will have destructive effects on the stability of the pension system.
3. A positive shock to the average variable of years of insurance has positive effects on reducing the financial imbalance of pension funds. In this regard, it is suggested to change the calculation of pensions in all pension funds, including state, military, and social security organizations, based on the average salary of the last three to five years of employment, which it is currently based on the average of the previous two years.