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Showing 2 results for Anther Culture
Sh. Rashidi, M.r. Abdollahi, H. Sarikhani, S.s. Moosavi,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (7-2019)
Abstract
The production of double haploid plants can be used as an effective method for plant breeding. In this research, in order to produce chickpea haploid plants, 1mm-long anthers of Bivanij cultivar containing the microspores at uni-nucleate stage were isolated from suitable buds (3mm in length) and exposed to different centrifuge (150g, 300g and 600g each for 3, 6 and 10 minutes) and electrical shock pretreatments (0, 100, 150 and 200V) in the 2ml microtubes containing 1.5ml of RM-IK medium. The treated anthers were then cultured in an EDM culture medium containing 10mg/l 2, 4-D and 10mg/l silver nitrate to induce callus and embryos. Results showed significant differences between different levels of centrifugation, different levels of electric shock and their interactions for the studied traits. The highest percentage of embryogenesis was observed in centrifuge pretreatments of 150g for 6 minutes, 300g for 3 minutes, 150g for 3 minutes in combination with 150V electrical shock, 300g for 6 and 10 minutes and combination of 150g centrifuge pretreatment for 3 minutes with electric shock of 200V, while the highest percentage of plant regeneration was obtained from centrifuge pretreatment of 300g for 6 minutes and also the combination of centrifuge pretreatment of 150g for 3 minutes with electric shock of 150V.
Volume 21, Issue 5 (9-2019)
Abstract
In recent years, spelt (Triticum aestivum (L.) ssp. Spelta) has become an added-value alternative crop to modern wheat. Spanish spelt constitutes a unique separate gene pool from central European germplasm. The availability of spelt Doubled Haploid (DH) production protocol is a great advantage to speed up breeding programs. This is the first study evaluating the ability of DH plant production, by anther culture, of five Spanish spelt landraces and three F5 lines derived from Spanish spelt x bread wheat crosses. Two central European commercial varieties were also included in the analysis. DH plants were obtained from all material with the exception of one F5 line. The Spanish spelt landraces produced more embryos/100 anthers (73-166.3) than the two European varieties (8.6-22.2). The main bottleneck in the Spanish germplasm was the high number of albino plants regenerated, with percentage of green plants lower than 13% in three of the landraces. Nevertheless, up to 15.6 and 1.8 green plants/100 anthers were obtained from the Spanish and the central European germplasm, respectively. A great variation in the percentage of spontaneous chromosome doubling was obtained, with 4 lines producing around 80% and 2 lines less than 15%. The ovary genotype used for anther co-culture is a critical factor to increase the efficiency of the system. Bread wheat ‘Caramba’ ovaries increased almost 6 times the number of green plants as compared to spelt landrace ‘BG-1987’ ovaries. This study shows that DH plants can be produced efficiently from Spanish spelt to be used in breeding programs.
