---

Cancer stem cells are responsible for the formation the resistance to treatment, tumor relapse, and metastasis. miRNAs play an important role in the regulation of biological processes. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to candidate miRNAs that are involved in the regulation of all three properties including stemness, metastasis, and drug resistance and find their target genes and signaling pathways by using literature learning and data mining. The present systematic review is done to identify stemness-regulating miRNAs. By using CORMINE database, metastasis and drug resistance regulating miRNAs collected. Finally, we compared these three lists of miRNAs and found common miRNAs in these three properties. ONCO.IO database and KEGG pathway have been done to obtain the interaction between miRNA-miRNA target and cancer-related signaling pathway respectively. We collected 191 stemness-regulating miRNAs from 21 excluded studies. Based on CORMINE database, 161 miRNAs and 57 miRNAs had metastasis and stemness features respectively. We obtained 7 common miRNAs that 4 of them including has-miR-34a, has-miR-23a, has-miR-30a, has-miR-100 has a significant role for targeting signaling pathways involved in cancer and their most important targets regulate many processes of cells. These data suggest that three important properties can regulate by common miRNAs. Therefore, target these miRNAs or their targets can be helpful to stop tumor growth and metastasis and may be useful biomarkers for early detection of gastric cancer.

---

Objective: Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancer in the developed countries. Most of cancer deaths are due to development of metastasis. Hence, prevention of metastasis is critical. Silibinin is a flavonoid component that inhibits cell proliferation and causes cell death of human prostate cancer. In this study, the expression of CD82 gene in PC-3 cells treated with escalating concentrations of silibinin was evaluated which can result in new view for prostate cancer therapy. Materials and Methods: In this study, PC-3 cells were treated with different concentrations of silibinin for 24h. The LD50 was determined. RNA was extracted by trizol, then cDNA was synthesized. Precise primers were designed for CD82 and GAPDH genes by specific software. Quantity of CD82 gene expression compare to GAPDH gene in different concentrations of silibilin was analyzed using very sensitive quantitative Real-time PCR. Results: CD82 gene expression in PC-3 cells treated with 100, 150 and 200μg/ml of silibinin at 24h was increased by 1.97±0.26 (P<0.05), 3.00±0.26 and 3.43±0.43 (P<0.01), respectively. Conclusion: The results of quantitative Real-time PCR indicated that silibinin can probably decrease metastasis, by up-regulation of CD82 metastasis suppressor gene in PC-3 cells.

---

Although chemotherapy is one of the effective methods in cancer treatment its effects may be moderated due to drug resistance. The main objective of this paper is to propose optimal finite cancer treatment duration. In this paper, a mathematical model of tumor growth by adding radiotherapy, chemotherapy and metastasis of cancer cells terms is extended. Stability analysis shows that the tumor free equilibrium point is unstable. Hence, changing the dynamics of the system around this equilibrium point for achieving finite duration treatment method is essential. Therefore, the effects of chemotherapy drug are considered not only on cells populations but also on the dynamics of the system. For this purposes, State Dependent Riccati Equation (SDRE) based optimal control is used. So chemotherapy agent is used as the control input to the extended cancer nonlinear model. Then, in order to show the flexibility in design, two different types of input weighting matrices are selected. Moreover, the robustness of this control method is investigated by simulation. Results show that changing the dynamics of the system is necessary for finite duration cancer treatment method.