, Morteza Yousefzadi, , , , ,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (11-2015)
Abstract
Free radicals, having one or more unpaired electrons in the outer orbit, which are oxygen-centred free radicals, sometimes known as reactive oxygen species (ROS). The oxidative stress imposed by ROS plays an important role in many chronic and degenerative diseases. The aim of the present research was undertaken to study the antioxidant activity and polyphenolic content in the different extracts of sea urchin Echinometra mathaei. Different extracts (spine, shell, gonad and aristotol lantern) of sea urchin were isolated by three solvents (n- hexan, ethyl acetate, methanol). Antioxidant activity of extracts was assessed by measured reducing power, DPPH free radical scavenging activity and total antioxidant capacity assays, and compared with the synthetic antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluent (BHT) and Ascorbic acid. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were measured spectrophotometrically. According to the results of the study, highest the reducing power and free radical-scavenging activity of the methanolic shell and methanolic spine, respectively. In total antioxidant capacity assay, the antioxidant activity of aristotol lantern ethyl acetate, spine and gonad n-hexan was higher as compared to that of the ascorbic acid. The highest total phenol and flavonoid compound content per gram of the methanolic spine were 0.0044±0.0003 mg gallic acid equivalents and 24.616±0.7167 mg quercetin equivalents, respectively. Significant differences were observed at P
S. Soleimani , M. Yousefzadi , H. Rezadoost ,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (12-2018)
Abstract
Aims: Sea urchins have been extensively studied due to the commercial importance of their gonads in the global industry. Although after removal of the edible gonads, the remaining shell and spines are usually discarded, they are known to possess various polyhydroxylated naphthoquinone (PHNQ) pigments. The aim of the present research was quantitative and qualitative identification of PHNQ pigments from shell and spine of Echinometra Mathaei of the Persian Gulf.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, the Echinometra mathaei was used as the sea urchin test sample. Sea urchins were collected in 2013 from Zeytoon Park in Qeshm Island, Persian Gulf. Shell and spine pigments were extracted by hydrochloric acid from sea urchin. Then, the quantity of Naphthoquinone compounds was evaluated by spectrophotometric and their quality was evaluated by Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The data were analysed by ANOVA and Duncan's new multiple range test at 5% probability level, using SPSS 19 software and the diagrams were drawn by Excel 2013 software.
Findings: The most pigments were Spinochrome A, C, B, and Echinochrome A, respectively. The presence of PHNQ pigments were confirmed in pigments Spinochrome B and C, Echinochrome A, and Spinochrome A, respectively.
Conclusion: The presence of each of the four pigments in shell and spine pigments is confirmed by quantitative and qualitative methods. The most pigments are Spinochrome A, C, B, and Echinochrome A, respectively.
