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Today, using fungi as source of bioactive compounds such as proteins for biosynthesis of different types of nanoparticles is being developed. In this study the characteristics of the biosynthesized zirconia nanoparticles (ZrO₂ NPs) using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides were compared. Extracellular biosynthesis of ZrO₂ NPs was carried out by adding 1 mM of K₂ZrF₆ to S. cerevisiae and C. gloeosporioides culture medium separately. Nanoparticle biosynthesis was confirmed by visual observation of color and transparency changes in the culture medium, UV-Vis spectrophotometry and XRD. FTIR results demonstrated the effects of some possible secretory compounds of the fungi such as protein, phenol and alcohol in the biosynthesis and stability process of the biosynthesized ZrO₂ NPs. The results of elemental analysis (EDAX) confirmed the biosynthesis of zirconia nanoparticles as well as the presence of some elements in organic compounds participating in the biosynthetic process. The effect of time on the biosynthesis of the nanoparticles was also investigated. The color and transparency changes of the culture media, peak formation at less than 300 nm in spectrophotometry confirmed the extracellular biosynthesis of ZrO₂ NPs and also XRD results confirmed the crystalline nature of the biosynthesized ZrO₂ NPs based on their crystallite size. The FESEM results showed that the most of the nanoparticles were amorphous and some were monoclinic in shape with sizes (19.49 and 35.60 nm) for C. gloeosporioides and (45.81 and 74.07 nm) for S. cerevisiae. The monoclinic structure of the biosynthesized nanoparticles was confirmed by UV, FTIR and XRD results.

Keywords: Bioceramic, Zirconia nanoparticle, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

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