Isolation and identification of some of biofilm-forming marine bacteria from Persian Gulf waters and evaluation of antibacterial and anti-biofilm effect of thymol against them

Sedaghat, Fatemeh; Yousefzadi, Morteza; Ghaderi, Arash; Shayesteh, Fatemeh

Isolation and identification of some of biofilm-forming marine bacteria from Persian Gulf waters and evaluation of antibacterial and anti-biofilm effect of thymol against them

Document Type : Original Research

Authors

fatemeh sedaghat ¹

morteza Yousefzadi ²

Arash Ghaderi ³

fatemeh Shayesteh ⁴

¹ Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran.

² Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran.Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Qom, P.O. Box 37161-46611, Qom, Iran

³ Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas 7916193145, Iran

⁴ Department of Fisheries Science, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran.

Abstract

In a marine environment, the biofilm formed on the submerged surfaces leads to fouling of larger organisms. This leads to many environmental and economic problems for the marine industries. Due to the harmful effects of chemical antifouling, the development of environmentally friendly anti-biofilm strategies can be an important step to control fouling.

Therefore, the present study was performed with the aim of isolation of biofilm-forming bacteria from Persian Gulf waters and investigating the antimicrobial effect of thymol against selected bacteria.82 bacterial were isolated and their ability to form biofilm was measured. Among these, 5 isolates were selected and identified using 16S rRNA sequences. The results showed that the 5 selected isolates belonged to the Proteobacteria (genus Vibrio, Kangiella and Psudoaltromonas). In the study of the antibacterial effect of thymol, K. spongicola (PH1) showed the highest sensitivity in disk diffusion method (with a growth inhibition zone diameter of 18 ± 0.57 mm). The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration (at 31.5 and 62.5 μg /ml, respectively) were obtained against the same bacterium. The inhibitory thymol on biofilm formation and performed biofilm by Psudoaltromonas sp. (PH18) showed that thymol at concentrations sub-MIC is able to inhibit biofilm formation. The effect of thymol on the performed biofilm at concentrations higher than MIC is noticeable. Based on the results, due to the anti-biofilm activity of thymol against marine bacteria, its use as a natural compound in antifouling coatings can be suggested.

Keywords

Marine bacterium

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration

16S rRNA gene

Anti- biofilm

Thymol

20.1001.1.23222115.1401.13.2.10.5

Subjects

Microbial biotechnology

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