Numerical analysis of the effect of three-dimensional scaffold structure on the distribution of mechanical factors on the surface of bone scaffold

Ahmadian, Bahram; Vahidi, Bahman

Numerical analysis of the effect of three-dimensional scaffold structure on the distribution of mechanical factors on the surface of bone scaffold

Document Type : Original Research

Authors

Bahram Ahmadian ¹

Bahman Vahidi ²

¹ Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

² Associate Professor, Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran.

Abstract

Evaluating the response of the stem cells to different mechanical stimulation is an important issue to obtain control over cell behavior in the culture environment. One of the effective parameters in the mechanoregulation of stem cells is the microstructure of scaffolds. Evaluating the effect of microstructure of scaffold in the lab environment is very complicated. Therefore, in this study, the effect of scaffold architecture on mechanical factors in the scaffold was investigated under oscillatory fluid flow by using numerical modeling. In this study, distribution of shear stress and fluid velocity in three types of scaffolds with spherical, cubical and regular hexagonal pores with length of 300, 350, 400, 450 and 500 micrometers were investigated by using computational fluid dynamics method. The results of the computational fluid dynamics model showed that the scaffold with spherical and cubic pores shape with length of 500 micrometers and scaffold with hexagonal pores with length of 450 micrometers experienced shear stress in the range of 0.1-10 mPa. This range of the shear stress is suitable for differentiation of the stem cell to bone cells. Moreover, the result of exerting oscillatory fluid flow to these scaffolds indicated that dead zones of the scaffold, where isn’t suitable for cell seeding, was decreased due to the access of fluid flow to the different area of scaffold. The results of this study can be used in a laboratory to achieve optimal stem cell culture to provide suitable environment culture for differentiation of stem cells toward the bone cell.

Keywords

Porous Scaffold

Mechanomodulation

Computational Fluid Dynamics

Stem Cell Differentiation

20.1001.1.23222115.1401.13.4.12.1

Subjects

Biological system

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