Modares Journal of Biotechnology

Abstract Introduction: Nanotecnology could solve most of problem of biomedical and cause improve in health and pharmacology field. Also this industrial cause to eliminate food pathogenic bacteria.increase of food pathogenic bacteria and resistance them to different antibiotics caused usage of nanotechnology by researchr and pharmacologiests. Material and Methods:In this reseach is studied antimicrobial effect of nanoparticles of silver,TiO2 against on food pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus PTCC 1431 and Listeria monocytogenes by determination MIC and MBC. Result: Silver nanoparticle was synthezied with 103 nm of size and consentraion of 1 mili molar,nano TiO2 with 21 nm of size and consentrain of 1% have antimicrobial effect against on Staphylococcus aureus PTCC 1431 Listeria monocytogenes . Conclusion: Since that antimicrobial activity of silver ,TiO2 nanoprticles against on food pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus PTCC 1431 and Listeria monocytogenes) is proved, is suggested to packaging antimicrobial food. Keywords: Silver nanoparticle,TiO2,,Antimicrobial effect, Staphylococcus aureus PTCC 1431 Listeria monocytogenes

Abstract Firefly luciferase is a light generating enzyme, which is used in different fields of biotechnology and molecular biology. Luciferase has found widespread applications in many areas of genetic analysis such as detecting gene expression, reporter gene assay and proteomics studies such as protein-protein interactions. Despite many advantages, there are some limitations in luciferase-based systems, the most important of which is its low stability. One of the newly developed methods to solve this problem is to take advantage of Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES). One group of DESs is those that composed of organic salts with hydrogen donor, due to which, intermolecular hydrogen bonds cause lower melting point in comparison with each of the component. In this study, we investigated the effects of DES on kinetic properties of wild type and I232R - E354R/Arg356 mutant Lampyris turkestanicus luciferases. For this, both enzymes, wild type and mutant, expressed in BL21, the protein of interest purified through affinity chromatography and used for kinetic studies. Here, we used choline chloride: glycerol as DES. According to the results, the wild type luciferase is much more thermostable in DES than I232R - E354R/Arg356 mutant. Furthermore, the remaining activity of both wild type and mutant luciferases are greater in the presence of DES than those in the absence of DES.

Abstract Amides are toxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic compounds. Amidase-producing bacteria eliminate or convert these compounds to their correspond acid. This study was carried out to investigation the Benzamide degradation by Achromobacter strains, which isolated from the waste of the city of Kerman. These strains were enriched in MM1 medium with benzamide 1% . The best strains were selected in MM1 agar media sublimentated with benzamide (1%) and bromothymol blue, as pH indicator. In total of 7 benzamide hydrolysing bacteria two of them, AB37 and FA1, were identified as predominant strains. The medium optimization showed that glucose, peptone, Ca2+ and pH 7.0 enhanced enzyme production, compared to the control. Enzyme production was enhanced in the presence of glucose and calcium about 3.0 and 2.6 folds, respectively. Hydrolyzing potential of benzamide by AB37 strain showed that the maximum benzamide hydrolyzing was 1.79 after 15 h of incubation. Based on the biochemical and test 16S rRNA gene approaches these strains were identified as Achromobacter xylosoxidans and Achromobacter Spanius. Results showed that these isolates were able to produce amidase and also were able to degrade benzamide. Therefore, the evaluation of applied potential of these strains for bioremediation of industrial and agricultural wastewater is recommended.

Abstract This study was designed to investigate the genetic diversity and relationships between yield and related traits in oily sunflower lines. 152 sunflower lines collected from different parts of the world were investigated at completely randomized design with nine replications on Urmia University in 1391 under pot conditions. 14 agro-morphological traits including plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, petiole length, head diameter, 100 seed weight, head dry weight, , seed yield per plant, number of days from planting to flowering, and number of days from planting to maturity, dehulled kernel to whole kernel and harvest index were measured. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among genotypes for all studied traits. Among the traits, the highest coefficient of phenotypic variation was observed for seed yield per plant (56.30), harvest index (44.4) and head dry weight (35.44). The results of correlation analysis showed that there is significant and positive correlation between seed yield per plant with most of the studied traits. Results of sequential path analysis revealed that the variables such as number of leaves, dehulled kernel to whole kernel, head diameter, and plant height were arranged as the first-order variables. Cluster analysis subdivided the genotypes into 4 groups. The maximum distance were observed between the genotype from groups 3 and 4 (28.30).

Abstract Phosphate ions is one of the chemical pollutants that enters to the surface and underground water through municipal, industrial and agricultural wastewater. The aim of this study is to investigate the removal of phosphate from wastewater by Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis. To this purpose the microalgae added to 350 ml wastewater in lab experiment. In order to evaluate the effect of phosphorus removal, the experiment were performed during 8 days. The initial dry weight of Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis in wastewater samples were 0.02 and 0.05 g/L, respectively. During the growth period, the concentration of phosphate in aqueous solution were measured on days 1st, 4th, 6th and 8th by APHA standard methods through Bio spec-1601 spectrophotometer. Based on the results, the percentage of phosphorus removal by Chlorella vulgaris was 40.65, 38.0124.45 and 72.21 , and by Spirulina platensis was 20.13, 20.01, 10.44 and 42.79 for days 1 to 4, 4 to 6, 6 to 8 and 1 to 8, respectively. The final dry weight of Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis in wastewater samples were 3.93 and 1.93 g/L, respectively. From this study it can be concluded that the algae are able to remove phosphorus from wastewater and Chlorella vulgaris has higher ability of reducing phosphorus from waste water, and could be good candidate to reduce the phosphate in wastewater treatment.

Abstract Thiazolidinones are important biological compounds that specified have anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties. Recently a new derivative of thiazolidinones called 5(2,4-bis4-ethoxy phenyl azo-3-hydroxy benzylidene)-2,4 thiazolidinone (TZD-OCH2CH3) synthesized and its antioxidant properties has been proven. Since, anti-tumor compounds can induce apoptosis in cancer cells through inhibition of NF-kB, so in this study, the anti-inflammatory effects of this compound (TZD-OCH2CH3) and its ability to inhibit NF-kB on the cell lines Raw264.7 examined. In this study, at first the cells in medium containing FBS, DMEM and antibiotics were cultured and toxicity screening of the concerned compound TZD-OCH2CH3 study with concentrations (0-120µg/ml) was performed. MTT test was conducted to investigate the inhibitory effect of different doses of the compound after cells incubation at 37°C for 24 hours and absorption of the samples was read by ELISA reader in 490 nm wavelength. Then, to investigate the inhibitory effect of the compound on NF-kB the kit specified to measure NF-kB was used. According to tests of growth inhibition concentration, 50% (IC50) Raw264.7 cells treated with TZD-OCH2CH3, 115 μg/ml was obtained. On the other hand, Measuring inhibition of NF-kB on Raw264.7 with concentration of 30 and 60 µ g/ml thiazolidinone shows the inhibition of inflammatory factor this compound. According to studies, the results show that our concerned compound in cell order Raw264.7 with regard to inhibiting NF-kB with (IC50=48 g/ml) has significant anti-inflammatory effects and can considered be used as a promising chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of cancer.

Abstract Production of recombinant proteins such as β-NGF using prokaryotic hosts is the topic of many recent researches. However, bacterial cell culture media are cheaper than eukaryotic cell culture media, but in industrial production scale they are not cost effective at all for biotech companies. Therefore, survey to find inexpensive cell culture medium that bacterial cells not only can grow in it but also produce recombinant proteins is very important. In this study, for the first time date syrup and yeast extract mixture was used as an inexpensive medium. In RSM (response surface methodology) studies different concentrations of date syrup and yeast extract were used as carbon and nitrogen sources respectively. The results indicate that the 20 g/lit of carbon and 5 g/lit of nitrogen are optimum for bacterial growth. Also the data show that recombinant bacteria not only can grow but also can produce recombinant proteins such as β-NGF using this synthetic medium.

Abstract Free radicals, having one or more unpaired electrons in the outer orbit, which are oxygen-centred free radicals, sometimes known as reactive oxygen species (ROS). The oxidative stress imposed by ROS plays an important role in many chronic and degenerative diseases. The aim of the present research was undertaken to study the antioxidant activity and polyphenolic content in the different extracts of sea urchin Echinometra mathaei. Different extracts (spine, shell, gonad and aristotol lantern) of sea urchin were isolated by three solvents (n- hexan, ethyl acetate, methanol). Antioxidant activity of extracts was assessed by measured reducing power, DPPH free radical scavenging activity and total antioxidant capacity assays, and compared with the synthetic antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluent (BHT) and Ascorbic acid. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were measured spectrophotometrically. According to the results of the study, highest the reducing power and free radical-scavenging activity of the methanolic shell and methanolic spine, respectively. In total antioxidant capacity assay, the antioxidant activity of aristotol lantern ethyl acetate, spine and gonad n-hexan was higher as compared to that of the ascorbic acid. The highest total phenol and flavonoid compound content per gram of the methanolic spine were 0.0044±0.0003 mg gallic acid equivalents and 24.616±0.7167 mg quercetin equivalents, respectively. Significant differences were observed at P